The freedom to shape the sound you imagine.The joy of discovering what lies beyond.
CERNION is an advanced wavetable software synthesizer designed for in-depth sound design and a wide range of performance expression.
Its intuitive, integrated workflow brings together a variety of built-in wavetable waveforms, subtractive synthesis, and GILLA ARP SAMPLES. Two independent arpeggiators, GILLA ARP and CLASSIC ARP, Full MPE support, and 11 effects give you the freedom to combine these capabilities in many ways.
With its flexible modulation system, you can design everything from traditional synth basses, leads, keys, and pads to continuously evolving textures, sound effects for film and video, and complex, experimental sounds.
Key Features
In-depth design with intuitive control. Drag a source onto a knob to connect modulation, and see its range around the knob. Perform multiple sound changes at once with 8 Macros and the XY PAD.
Create your own waveforms and wavetables. Draw waveforms, edit harmonics, or extract waveforms from a WAV file. Combine multiple frames, then move between them with Wave to change the timbre.
Modulation that responds differently on each route. Connect 4 LFOs, 4 envelopes, and other sources to multiple targets. Each route's Depth, Remap, and VIA let the same source produce different amounts and responses.
Two arpeggiators with different approaches. GILLA ARP creates evolving patterns from the notes you play and their octaves. CLASSIC ARP lets you specify the note order and the dynamics, lengths, and rests of up to 32 steps.
Full MPE performance. Supports per-note Pitch (Glide/X axis), Slide (Y axis), and Press (Z axis). Pitch covers 48 semitones, or 4 octaves, in each direction. Connect Slide and Press to the sound changes you want.
11 effects with serial and parallel routing. Connect MICRO GRAIN, reverb, delays, chorus, distortion, cassette, and other effects in sequence, or split them into two paths and blend them. Effects can also be modulated.
CERNION FX
CERNION FX is a separate plug-in that applies the same effects and modulation tools to external audio. It processes guitar, piano, vocals, drums, and other sounds coming from your DAW. Its presets are managed separately from those of the CERNION synth.
Introduction and Basic Operation
Screen Layout and Basic Terms
Use the top tabs to switch between sound-editing areas. Build the basic sound in SYNTH, play patterns in GILLA ARP, and add effects in FX. MATRIX brings together the modulation you have connected to knobs. Use LFO, ENVELOPE, MACRO, and XY PAD at the bottom to add movement to your sound and performance.
Area
Role
Preset name at the top
Opens the preset browser and shows the current preset.
SYNTH
Adjusts the oscillators, SUB, NOISE, filters, and output.
GILLA ARP
Selects GILLA ARP or CLASSIC ARP to play patterns from the notes you hold.
FX
Adds effects and sets their order and routing.
MATRIX
Edits modulation routes and the response of each route.
VOICE & MOD
Handles polyphony, mono playing, pitch bend, and performance sources.
MACRO · XY PAD
Controls that move multiple settings together.
LFO · ENVELOPE
Creates repeating changes and time-based changes for each note.
MENU
Opens commands such as Undo, Redo, and Init Preset.
Basic Terms
Voice: One sounding note. Playing chords, or allowing notes to ring after releasing the keys, uses multiple voices.
Unison: Plays multiple layers of an oscillator within one note. Voice count and unison count are separate settings.
Modulation: Uses another signal to move a knob's value.
Source: Sends the modulation. Examples include an LFO that generates a repeating curve, an ENV that changes over time, and Velocity, the strength with which you strike a key.
Target: The knob to be modulated, such as a filter's Cutoff, pitch Coarse, or an effect's Mix.
Route: A connection between one source and one target. Connecting the same LFO to two knobs creates two routes.
Dry / Wet: The unprocessed sound and the sound processed by an effect, respectively.
Tail: Reverb or repeats that remain after the input or performance ends.
Introduction and Basic Operation
Basic Operation
Knobs and Values
In this manual, Command/Ctrl means the Command key on macOS or the Ctrl key on Windows.
Action
Method
Change a value
Drag the knob up or down. Its value appears as you adjust it.
Make fine adjustments
Hold Command/Ctrl while dragging.
Enter an exact number
Shift-click. Enter a value and press Enter to confirm or Esc to cancel.
Restore the default
Double-click a standard knob. Only that knob returns to its default value.
The position you set manually is the base value; connected modulation is added to it.
When entering numbers, use the units shown on screen. Frequencies can be entered in Hz or kHz, and times in ms or s. Numbers outside the allowed range are clamped to the minimum or maximum. A red border means you should check the input format or unit.
Unit
Meaning
st
Pitch in semitones. 12 st is one octave.
cent
A fine pitch unit. 100 cent is one semitone.
Hz / kHz
Frequency. For an LFO, this is the repetition rate; for a filter, it is the frequency position.
ms / s
Time. 1,000 ms is 1 second.
dB
A level difference or gain.
%
A proportion within the range of the function. Not every % value represents volume.
deg
An angle indicating a position within one waveform or curve cycle. 360 degrees is one cycle.
Fine Adjustment and Coarse
Use Command/Ctrl+drag for fine adjustment of standard knobs and route badges. On standard knobs, Shift-click opens value entry; it is not used for fine-adjustment dragging. The mouse wheel does not change knob values, so use dragging instead.
The Coarse knob moves in semitone steps during a normal drag. Hold Command/Ctrl to adjust continuously between semitones.
With a normal drag on a badge connected to Coarse, the modulation range endpoint also snaps to semitones. Hold Command/Ctrl to adjust the endpoint continuously. This is a way of setting the range; it is separate from Semitone Step in MATRIX, which makes the modulation itself move in semitone steps.
Modulation connections and badge/arc operations are covered separately in Connecting and Adjusting Modulation.
Modulation and Performance Expression
Connecting and Adjusting Modulation
Modulation uses a Source such as an LFO, ENV, or Macro to move another knob's value.
Base Value and Modulation Display
The knob's main pointer shows the value you set manually. The modulation arc around it shows the connected modulation range, and the moving indicator shows the current modulation state.
The small badges below the knob represent its connected Sources. Adjust the modulation amount using a badge or the route settings. Multiple Sources can connect to the same knob, and each route is managed separately in MATRIX.
Connecting Modulation by Dragging
This example uses LFO 1 to modulate a filter's Cutoff.
Click and hold the LFO 1 tab at the bottom of the screen.
Drag it onto the FILTER CUTOFF knob and release.
Check the L1 badge on the knob and the modulation arc around it to confirm the connection.
Connect ENV 1-4 the same way by dragging the corresponding tab. For a Macro, drag the small source badge to the right of its number/name onto the Target knob, not the Macro knob itself.
Connecting by Right-Clicking a Knob
Right-click the Target knob you want to modulate.
Select Add Mod Source → LFO 1. You can also choose other Sources, such as an ENV or Macro, from this list.
When the connected Source's badge appears, adjust the modulation amount just as you would for a drag-created route.
Setting the Modulation Range by Dragging a Badge
Grab the badge for the route you want to adjust, such as L1 or E2, on the Target knob.
Drag up or down. Dragging up increases Depth; dragging down decreases it. Crossing 0 into negative values reverses the modulation direction.
Watch the colored arc around the knob and set the range you want.
The knob itself adjusts the base value; the badge adjusts that route's modulation amount. If there are several badges, you can adjust each route separately. At a Depth of 0, the route remains connected but does not change the value.
Hold Command/Ctrl while dragging a badge for finer adjustment. Clicking a badge without dragging opens that knob's connections window.
Switching Unipolar/Bipolar by Right-Clicking
Right-click the connected Target knob or badge.
Find the name of an already connected Source, such as LFO 1, and open its submenu. This is different from Add Mod Source, which creates a new route.
Select Unipolar or Bipolar. A checkmark indicates the current selection.
Mode
Movement
Unipolar
Moves in one direction from the base value: upward with positive Depth, downward with negative Depth. The source's minimum value produces no change.
Bipolar
Moves above and below the base value, with the base at the center. The source's midpoint produces no change, and reversing the sign of Depth reverses the direction.
For example, with LFO 1 connected to Cutoff, Unipolar with positive Depth moves upward from the base Cutoff; Bipolar moves above and below it. Actual movement is limited to the setting's minimum and maximum values.
This selection applies only to that route. If the same LFO is connected to another knob, that route can have its own setting. You can also change this setting using MODE in the corresponding MATRIX row.
Connection Menu
Right-click a modulatable knob to open its connection menu.
Add Mod Source: Select a Source to connect.
View connections: View the routes connected to that knob.
Bypass: Temporarily disable the selected route without removing it.
Remove: Delete the selected route.
Unipolar / Bipolar: Change the route's polarity mode.
Bypass All Modulators / Remove All Modulators: Disable or delete every route connected to that knob.
Functions not shown in the menu are not supported by that control. Some controls, such as PM and the LFO Wave selector knob, cannot be used as modulation Targets.
Managing Routes from the Source
Right-click an LFO or ENV tab, or a Macro source badge, to open a list of Targets connected to that Source. Open a target name's submenu to set Bypass, Remove, Unipolar, or Bipolar.
Bypass All Destinations and Remove All Destinations apply to every route from that Source. The All Modulators menu on a Target knob has a different scope: it applies to routes entering that knob. To re-enable a bypassed route, turn on ON in MATRIX or Connections.
If the same Source and Target are already connected, dragging to create the same route again uses the existing route. You can connect one Source to multiple different Targets and give each route its own Depth, Mode, Remap, and VIA settings.
Introduction and Basic Operation
Preset Browser and Saving
Opening Presets
Click the preset name area in the plug-in header to open the browser. You can also move to the previous or next preset with the left/right arrows to the right of the name, shown below.
With the browser open, select a preset from the list to load it.
The browser list applies the search term together with pack, tag, and favorite filters. The top left/right arrows follow the pack, tag, and favorite filters, but not the temporary search term in the search field. If a preset is missing from view, check the search term and filters.
Search and Categories
Item
Use
Search field
Narrow the list by entering a preset name, pack name, or tag.
PACKS
Shows only presets in a particular pack.
SOUND TYPE
Categorizes sounds by type, such as Bass, Lead, or Pad.
CHARACTER
Categorizes sounds by character, such as Warm, Dark, or Bright.
FAVORITE
Shows presets marked as favorites.
Star icon
Toggles the preset's favorite status.
Artist photos identify each artist's pack and presets.
Selecting multiple tags shows only presets that have all the selected tags. For example, selecting Pad and Warm shows warm-sounding pads. Click an active tag again to deselect it, or use the search field's clear button to empty the search term. Selecting search tags and assigning TAGS to a preset when saving are separate operations.
Editing and Saving
Changing knobs after loading a preset changes the current sound, but does not automatically overwrite the saved original file. An * beside the name at the top indicates changes from the loaded state.
Press the + button to the right of the preset name at the top to move to the browser's name field.
Enter a name and select any tags you need.
Press the save button.
If the name matches an existing preset, read the overwrite confirmation and choose how to proceed.
When saving an existing user preset under a different name, distinguish between renaming it and saving a new preset. Save as a new preset to keep the original.
Editing or deleting the originals of Factory and built-in pack presets is restricted. You can edit the loaded sound and save the result separately as a user preset. Read-only presets can still be marked as favorites.
Macro names are saved too. If you edit the names above the knobs, press Save to include them in the preset. Reloading the saved preset restores all 8 Macro names. The current names are also stored with a DAW project, but to share them in a preset file, save the preset separately.
The MPE on/off setting is retained when you change presets. Saving a preset does not store MPE on/off as part of the sound. A DAW project does store this state, so reopening the project restores the setting it had when saved.
Navigation, Saving New Presets, and Deleting
Keyboard navigation: After clicking the preset list, use the left/right arrow keys for the previous/next preset and the up/down arrow keys to move one row up/down. The selected preset loads immediately; you do not need to confirm with Enter. This differs from when you are entering a name or search term.
New: Keeps the current sound and prepares to save it with a new name and tags. To initialize the sound, use Init Preset in MENU.
+ in TAGS: Opens the tag selector for the preset you are saving. Select tags, then press Save.
Delete: Select a user preset, press the delete button, then press Confirm. Factory and built-in pack originals cannot be deleted.
Close: Use the close button or Esc. If a tag selector or save confirmation is open, Esc first closes or cancels that step.
Sharing Files
User presets are saved as .cernionpreset files. Send this file when sharing a preset with someone else.
These folders may contain category subfolders. Because the preset stores its name and settings internally as well as in its filename, use the browser's save function to rename it.
Edited states included in a preset, such as user wavetables and Custom LFOs, are also saved. When transferring to another computer, place the preset file in the user preset folder, reopen the plug-in, and check the list.
Clearing Search and Protecting Originals
Clearing the entire search term removes the search condition immediately. Pack, tag, and Favorites selections remain active, so clear those filters too to see everything.
Factory and artist packs are built into the product and appear in the list without adding separate files. When organizing your user folder, do not modify the built-in originals directly; save your edits in My presets. It is a good idea to back up user presets and DAW projects separately before moving files or reorganizing your computer.
Name Prefixes and Descriptions
BA can mean bass, LD lead, PD pad, KEY keyboard sounds, PL pluck, STAB a short sound with a strong attack, BELL bell, BR brass, STR strings, ARP arpeggio, SEQ sequence, TEX texture, DRN drone, and FX sound effects. These are preset naming conventions, separate from tags.
Parenthetical notes such as Try MPE, Try XY PAD, or Adjust PM suggest performance gestures or controls to try. They do not mean those actions are required to load or use the preset.
Built-In Preset Collection
The synth includes 417 Factory presets and 81 artist-pack presets, for a total of 498. The artist packs appear in this order: GILLA with 28, TAJO HWARANG with 15, heejae with 15, and SLGGR with 23. User presets are added separately. CERNION FX's 28 Factory presets are not included in this total.
Keyboard sounds / sounds that decay like a plucked string
Bell / Mallet
Bells / mallet-struck sounds
Chord
Sounds containing a chord voicing
Arp / SEQ
Arpeggios / repeating sequences. Check the engine used in each patch.
Drone / Texture
Sustained foundations / complex textures
FX / Impact
Sound effects / strong impacts
Vocal / Brass / Strings
Voice / brass / string sounds
Drums / Perc
Drums / percussion
CHARACTER Tags
Tags categorize sounds to help you find them. Clicking a tag does not add an effect or change the sound.
Tag
Meaning
Cinematic
A dramatic character suited to scenes in film and video
Dark / Bright
Dark with restrained highs / bright, clear highs
Warm / Soft
Warm, rounded texture / softness with less sharp attack or roughness
Aggressive
Strong, aggressive attack, harmonics, or texture
Dreamy / Ethereal
Dreamlike / airy, light, and otherworldly
Vintage / Modern
Evokes vintage instruments or equipment / contemporary and distinct
Airy / Glassy
A sense of air / clear, shimmering, glass-like harmonics
Metallic / Organic
Metallic resonance / organic, natural variation
Gritty / Dirty
Coarse-grained texture / texture with noise, distortion, or irregularities
Clean / Smooth
Little noise or distortion / smooth transitions and texture
Punchy
A short, forceful attack
Lush / Wide
Rich, layered texture / wide stereo character
Deep
A sense of depth in the low end, space, or texture
Evolving
A sound whose timbre or structure changes over time
Pulsing / Rhythmic
Pulse-like repetition / pronounced beat or rhythmic patterns
Ambient / Lo-Fi / Futuristic
Spacious background / low-fidelity, aged texture / futuristic character
Introduction and Basic Operation
Voices and Pitch
POLY · MONO · Legato
Setting
Behavior
POLY
Plays multiple notes at the same time.
VOICES
Maximum polyphony in POLY: up to 32 voices per oscillator, not shared between OSC 1 and OSC 2.
MONO
Plays one note at a time.
Legato
In MONO, pressing the next key before releasing the previous one connects the notes instead of restarting the sound each time.
Priority
Determines which note takes priority when multiple keys are held.
Priority's Latest favors the last note played, Lowest the lowest note, and Highest the highest note.
VOICES is the maximum number of notes that can sound simultaneously. Notes still sounding during Release count even after you let go of the keys. If this limit is exceeded, some previously sounding notes may end to make room for new ones. Unison Voice is a separate setting that determines how many layers make up one note.
In POLY, drag the VOICES number area to set the voice count. Selecting MONO replaces that area with Legato and Priority controls. Press the Legato button to switch between normal MONO and Legato playing, and select the preferred note in Priority.
PITCH
Control
Role
Coarse
Adjusts the overall base pitch in semitones.
Fine
Fine-tunes the overall pitch in cent units.
Glide
The time taken to slide from one note to the next. Longer settings make the pitch transition slower.
ALWAYS / FINGERED
ALWAYS applies Glide every time; FINGERED applies it when notes overlap.
+ / - in P.BEND
Sets the upward and downward pitch-bend ranges separately.
MW
The modulation wheel value. It affects a target when connected as a Source.
Coarse's base value and its modulation are separate. Even though the Coarse knob itself moves in semitones, connected modulation can produce continuous pitch changes unless Semitone Step is enabled.
Sound Design
OSC 1 · OSC 2
The two oscillators can each use a different source, with independent pitch, level, and unison settings.
Selecting a Source
Click the source name above an oscillator to open the selection browser.
A wavetable contains multiple waveforms. Moving the Wave knob moves between them, changing the timbre. Some HARDWARE sources select prepared waveforms one step at a time instead of blending continuously between them. Despite its name, Discrete Six in HARDWARE is a continuously variable table.
Browser Category
Waveform Characteristics
ANALOG
Transitions between basic analog-style waveforms.
PULSE
Variations in pulse width and combinations of pulse components.
PARTIALS
Variations in odd/even harmonics and harmonic layering.
VOWEL
Harmonic and resonance structures that resemble vowels.
EDGE
Includes folded waveforms, phase transformations, and metallic harmonics.
COMPLEX
Waveforms combining different harmonic structures.
HARDWARE
Waveforms derived from hardware synth recordings.
GILLA ARP SAMPLES
The 6 GILLA ARP samples built into MELTONE. These are separate from the arpeggiator in the header's GILLA ARP tab.
User
Wavetables you create yourself.
HARDWARE waveform sources
The quietformat team directly recorded the sounds of the hardware synthesizers listed below from its own collection, then converted those recordings into CERNION’s HARDWARE waveforms.
Waveform
Recorded instrument
Discrete Six
Sequential OB-6
DDS CORE
UDO Super 6
DDS ALT A
UDO Super 6
DDS ALT B
UDO Super 6
921 VCO
Moog Matriarch
3340 POLY
Sequential Prophet-5
Third-party names identify the instruments used as waveform sources and do not imply affiliation with or endorsement by their owners.
Oscillator Controls
Control
Role
Wave
Adjusts the waveform position within the selected source.
Level
The oscillator's output level.
Coarse
Adjusts the oscillator's pitch in semitones.
Fine
Fine-tunes the oscillator's pitch.
Pan
Places the oscillator in the stereo field.
Drift
The amount of slight pitch fluctuation. Unlike fixed detuning, it varies subtly over time.
Modulating Wave with an LFO or another source also updates the waveform display to reflect the current timbre. The knob's main pointer stays at the position you set manually. When you play a chord, the display shows the waveform of one note, not all notes at once.
UNISON
Control
Role
Voice
Sets the number of layers per note from 1-8.
Detune
The fine pitch spacing between the layered voices.
Spread
The stereo spread of the unison voices.
Blend
Adjusts the balance between the center voice and the surrounding unison voices.
When unison Voice is 1, there are no multiple layers for Detune or Spread to separate.
With SYNC on, the waveform starts from the same position each time you press a key. With it off, the starting position varies, which can change the attack or the character of layered waveforms. This is different from hard sync, which synchronizes a waveform to another oscillator's cycle.
PM 2 → 1
PM uses OSC 2 to rapidly modulate the phase progression of OSC 1, creating new harmonics. Use it for metallic sounds or complex textures. The result depends on the waveform and pitch selected in OSC 2 as well as the PM amount.
At the far left, the PM amount is 0.
Increasing the value strengthens phase modulation.
The direction is fixed from OSC 2 to OSC 1.
This knob is not a modulation Target in MATRIX.
If either oscillator uses GILLA ARP SAMPLES, the PM control disappears and PM is unavailable.
OSC 2's Level and Pan affect only its directly audible sound. The waveform used for PM is unchanged, so OSC 1's PM timbre can remain even with OSC 2 Level at 0.
GILLA ARP SAMPLES
This function uses the 6 GILLA ARP samples built into MELTONE as oscillator sound sources. They are available in OSC 1 and OSC 2. The header's GILLA ARP tab is an actual arpeggiator that generates patterns from incoming notes; it is an entirely separate, independent function from GILLA ARP SAMPLES.
Select one of GILLA ARP 1-6 in the browser. The display shows an image and a SAMPLE label, and the Wave selection pointer disappears.
The reference note is MIDI 60, displayed as C3 in Ableton.
Raising the pitch increases playback speed and shortens the sample. Lowering it does the opposite.
Playback stops at the end of the sample. Increasing Sustain does not extend the original length.
Level, pitch, Pan, unison, filters, ENV, and FX can all be used to process the sound.
You cannot add your own recordings to this sample list.
Import WAV in the wavetable editor does not add recordings to this sample list.
The internal movement in GILLA ARP SAMPLES is part of the recorded source. It remains even when Power on the ARP page is off. The Wave position of an OSC using a sample does not function as normal wavetable frame scanning.
Sound Design
Editing User Wavetables
Open the editor using the oscillator's edit icon, or New / import... or Edit... in the source browser. First check whether you are editing OSC 1 or OSC 2.
Waveforms and Frames
A frame is one waveform. Repeating that waveform rapidly produces a note. A wavetable is a collection of frames, and the Wave knob selects a waveform position within it. Create different frames to make the timbre change as you move Wave.
Select a frame.
Drag in the waveform graph to draw its shape.
Add, duplicate, or delete frames to change the table's structure.
Use Shape, Frames, or Import WAV in Tools as needed.
Give the table a name and save it as a new user table.
The draft you are editing is separate from the oscillator source currently selected. Save and apply the finished table, then save the preset too. When editing an existing table, save it as a new copy.
Using the Graph and Frame List
In Draw, drag over the graph to draw the waveform directly. In Harmonics, adjust bars representing the fundamental and the harmonics above it. Raising or lowering a bar increases or reduces that component, changing the timbre. You can also enter numbers for the selected harmonic's amplitude and its position within the waveform (phase).
Click a frame thumbnail below to select the frame to edit. After clicking the thumbnail list, use the left/right arrow keys to select the previous/next frame, or Home/End to select the first/last frame.
Use the Undo/Redo buttons to undo or redo draft edits. Command/Ctrl+Z / Command/Ctrl+Shift+Z also work. Cancel or Esc closes the editor without saving.
Frame Management
Function
Role
Add
Adds a sine-wave frame after the selected frame.
Duplicate
Duplicates the selected frame.
Delete
Deletes the selected frame.
Target frame count · Interpolate
Creates intermediate waveforms between existing frames to reach the specified count, up to 256 frames.
First frame · Last frame · Keep range
Keeps only the specified range and spreads it across the full Wave range.
New table
Starts a new table with one sine-wave frame.
Copy current table
Copies the entire original table into the draft.
Undo · Redo
Undoes or redoes the previous editor action.
Regardless of frame count, the saved frames span the full range of the Wave knob. A table contains 1-256 frames, and its last remaining frame cannot be deleted. Keep range includes both endpoint frames specified by First and Last. Interpolate interpolates waveforms between frames; it does not extend the playback duration of the original recording.
Shape and Harmonic Editing
Function
Role
Phase
Shifts the waveform's position within its cycle.
Bend
Warps the rate at which the waveform progresses within a cycle.
Fold
Folds the waveform to change its shape and harmonics.
Selected frame / All frames
Applies the operation to the current frame or all frames.
Apply to frames
Commits the Shape result to the frames themselves.
Invert
Flips the waveform vertically.
Reverse cycle
Reverses the time direction of one cycle.
Reverse frame order
Reverses the order of frames in the table.
Harmonic
Selects the harmonic to edit, up to harmonic 64.
Harmonic amplitude · phase
Adjusts the selected harmonic's amplitude and phase.
Normalize
Scales waveform amplitude to a consistent maximum range when applying, importing, or saving.
Remove DC
Removes any overall offset above or below the center line.
For Invert, Reverse cycle, and Reverse frame order, select the operation in the list, then press Transform to apply it. Shape transformations are included in the saved user wavetable.
Import WAV
Import WAV extracts repeating waveforms from a recording. It is not sample import for playing the recording at its original length.
Open Import WAV in the editor or in Tools.
For a typical single-note recording, select Auto (detect pitch).
Select the channel to use and load a WAV file.
Check the extracted frame waveforms and their timbral changes.
Name and save the user table, then save the preset too.
Import Mode
Behavior
Auto (detect pitch)
Analyzes the recording's fundamental pitch and extracts one fundamental cycle per frame. You do not need to record at a particular reference pitch.
Raw (full WAV)
Divides the entire file into frames without detecting pitch. Use Auto to extract single cycles from a normal instrument recording.
64-2048 samples
Manually specifies the cycle length of a wavetable WAV already aligned into single cycles. The file length must be a multiple of the selected cycle length in samples.
Choose the combined stereo signal, left channel, or right channel. Auto creates up to 256 frames following timbral changes over the recording.
Use a steady-pitched, single-note recording for Auto. A sufficiently long periodic section is required. Sounds without a clear fundamental cycle, such as chords, performances with continuously changing pitch, or pure noise, may be difficult to extract reliably or may be rejected.
File Formats and Compatibility
WAV files may use PCM 16/24/32-bit or 32-bit float. The maximum file size is 16 MiB. The imported result is a mono wavetable; it does not preserve the original sample's duration and playback speed.
To re-extract single cycles from the original WAV, import with Auto (detect pitch). The import mode applies to the newly extracted table; it does not automatically change tables already saved.
Deleting User Tables
Delete unused tables from the source browser's User list. Deletion is restricted for a table currently selected and in use. Check the target name in the deletion confirmation.
Storage Limits and Preset Saving
One preset can contain up to 8 user tables, with a total waveform-data size of 16 MiB. OSC 1 and OSC 2 share the same list. These limits apply to the tables included together in the current preset or project, not the total number you can create on your computer.
An edited table is added as a separate copy. If unused copies accumulate and reach the limit, delete unnecessary tables from the User list before saving. To delete a table used by OSC 1 or OSC 2, first switch that oscillator to another source.
Saved and applied user table data is included in presets and DAW projects. Sharing a preset does not require separately locating and relinking the original WAV. However, the editor's unsaved draft and the applied table are separate, so save the user preset after applying the table.
Sound Design
SUB · NOISE
SUB
SUB is an additional sound generator using basic waveforms. Use a low-octave sine wave to reinforce the low end, or layer another basic waveform.
Control
Role
On / Off
Turns SUB on or off.
Sin · Tri · Squ · Saw
Selects a sine, triangle, square, or sawtooth wave.
Oct
Selects -2, -1, or 0 octaves relative to the played pitch.
Phase
Adjusts the starting phase.
Level
SUB's output level.
SUB starts each note's waveform from the position set by Phase. It does not copy OSC 1 or OSC 2, so changing their waveforms, Coarse, or unison does not apply the same settings to SUB.
NOISE
Type
Character
White
Noise distributed across a wide frequency range.
Pink
Noise with more energy in low frequencies than in high frequencies.
Brown
Noise with an even stronger low-frequency emphasis than Pink.
Blue
Noise with more energy in high frequencies.
Violet
Noise with a stronger high-frequency emphasis than Blue.
Grey
Noise with frequency weighting adjusted for human hearing.
Metallic
A source that creates a metallic texture from different frequency components.
Level sets the output level, Tone sets brightness, and Pan sets the stereo position.
The keyboard-shaped button is Noise Pitch Key Track. When enabled, the noise source's playback/frequency characteristics follow the played pitch relative to MIDI 60. Tone operates separately. Noise differs from a periodic sine wave, so not every type produces a clearly pitched melody when played on the keyboard.
Sound Design
FILTER 1 · FILTER 2
Filters change a sound's brightness and harmonic balance. F1 and F2 are two separate filters; click their tabs to choose which one to edit. Switching tabs does not turn a filter on or off. To turn F2 off, select OFF in the Type list. Selecting a filter type turns it back on.
Filter Types
Type
Role
LP 12 · LP 18 · LP 24 · LP 36
Reduces high frequencies. Lowering Cutoff makes the sound darker and softer. Higher numbers attenuate frequencies above the cutoff more steeply.
HP
Reduces low frequencies. Raising Cutoff reduces low-end weight and thins the sound.
BP
Keeps only the area around Cutoff, producing a narrow, focused timbre.
Notch
Cuts the area around Cutoff while retaining frequencies below and above it.
Comb
Emphasizes regularly spaced harmonics, creating resonances like a plucked string or ringing metal.
Formant
Uses multiple resonant bands to create vowel-like frequency structures.
Controls
Control
Role
Cutoff
The filter's reference frequency. In Comb and Formant, it also affects the position of the resonance structure.
Res / Resonance
Emphasizes the area around Cutoff. Higher values make the cutoff region ring more distinctly.
Drive
Drives the filter harder, adding saturation and harmonics. This is not simply a final volume control.
Key Track
The degree to which the filter frequency rises with higher notes.
Mix
The balance between the signal entering that filter and its processed signal.
Analog
Analog-circuit-style processing exclusive to F1. Not available in F2.
1 · 2 · S · N
Selects OSC 1, OSC 2, SUB, and NOISE as filter inputs.
Lowering Mix blends in unfiltered signal, so some of the original brightness may remain even with Cutoff set very low.
Differences Between F1 and F2
Item
F1
F2
OFF in Type
Not available. Use input selection or Mix to determine what is processed.
Select OFF to disable the filter.
ANALOG
Available only in F1.
Not supported.
Cutoff · Res · Drive · Key Track · Mix
Edits F1's values.
Edits F2's values independently.
1 · 2 · S · N
Selects sources to send to F1.
Selects sources to send to F2.
LFO F1 LR Phase
Applies to Cutoff, Resonance, and Drive routes.
Does not apply.
ANALOG applies to F1's LP 12, LP 18, LP 24, LP 36, HP, BP, and Notch modes. Comb and Formant use their own processing even with ANALOG enabled. ANALOG changes saturation when the filter is driven hard and the response of Resonance. The texture can differ even at the same Cutoff and Drive settings.
With F2 set to OFF, its input selections and settings do not take part in processing. Distinguish between settings that will be used when it is re-enabled and selecting which tab is currently displayed.
Turning off a 1, 2, S, or N button does not mute that source. A source sent to neither filter bypasses the filters and remains audible. To silence the source itself, use its OSC, SUB, or NOISE Level or power control.
Formant Vowel Position
Formant uses vowel-like resonances. Filter Vowel for F1 and Filter Vowel for an FX slot are modulation Targets selected in MATRIX, not separate knob names on the main filter panel. The vowel position moves continuously between A, E, I, O, and U. F2 has no separate Vowel modulation Target. Moving Vowel with another filter type selected does not produce vowel changes.
Adjusting the Filter Graph Directly
In the selected F1 or F2 graph, drag horizontally to change Cutoff and vertically to change Resonance. Drag diagonally to adjust both. Hold Command/Ctrl while dragging for finer changes.
Double-clicking the graph restores both Cutoff and Resonance of the selected filter to their defaults. It does not reset the filter type, Drive, or input selections.
Serial and Parallel Routing
Use the routing icon between F1 and F2 to switch modes.
Serial: Sound processed by F1 continues into F2. Sources selected only for F2, not F1, are added at the F2 stage.
Parallel: F1 and F2 process their selected inputs independently, then their outputs are combined.
Sources sent to neither filter bypass the filters. Sending the same source to both parallel paths can change the summed result and level.
Resonance and Self-Oscillation
At high Resonance settings, the synth filter's own resonance can produce a tone. This is called self-oscillation. It is not limited to ANALOG mode; the response and onset depend on filter type, Cutoff, Drive, input, and voice state. Not every mode resonates at the same level or at the same Resonance value.
The filter's resonant tone also follows keyboard playing and ENV 1's amplitude control. It may be audible even with low OSC Level, but a note must be played and ENV 1 must be open for it to sound. Releasing the key makes it fade according to ENV 1's Release. Lower your monitoring volume before increasing Resonance.
The MULTIMODE FILTER in FX is a separate effect and is not operated in the same way as synth-filter self-oscillation.
Sound Design
OUTPUT
Master Volume / Level: Adjusts the final output level.
Width: Adjusts the overall stereo width.
Bass Mono: Reduces left/right differences in the low end, bringing it toward mono.
Output meter: Shows left/right output levels and peaks.
Master Volume does not clean up roughness already created by Drive or Distortion earlier in the signal path. Adjust distortion amount in the relevant effect, and final volume in OUTPUT.
Modulation and Performance Expression
LFO 1-4
An LFO repeatedly moves a connected knob. Connect it to volume for a pulsing effect, or to a filter for changes in brightness. You do not listen to the LFO itself; you use its movement to control knobs. LFO 1-4 can each have their own shape and rate.
Waveform and Rate
Control
Role
Wave
Selects a basic waveform.
Rate
The repetition speed, displayed in Hz in Free and in musical divisions in Sync.
Depth
The overall amount of modulation sent by this LFO. Reducing it reduces movement at every connected knob.
Phase
Sets the position in the curve from which playback starts or progresses. The same curve can begin at different positions.
F1 LR Phase
The left/right phase difference of LFO modulation applied to F1.
Delay
The wait after a note starts before LFO modulation appears.
Fade In
The time taken for LFO modulation to reach the set depth.
Smooth
Smooths abrupt changes in the LFO value.
The basic Wave options are Sine, Triangle, Saw Up, Saw Down, Square, Sample & Hold, and Smooth Random. Sample & Hold holds random values in steps; Smooth Random moves smoothly between random values.
F1 LR Phase offsets left/right progression when this LFO is connected directly to F1's Cutoff, Resonance, or Drive. It is not a general stereo setting for F2, FX filters, OSC Pan, or final Width. Without a connection to F1, raising this value alone does not create left/right filter movement.
Mono · Poly
Mono: Simultaneously sounding notes share the same LFO progression. Use this to move a whole chord together.
Poly: Each note has its own LFO progression. Their movements can differ according to when keys are pressed and the playback mode.
Free · Sync
Free: Sets Rate in Hz, independently of DAW tempo.
Sync: Sets a note duration synchronized to DAW tempo.
The Free rate setting and Free Run playback mode are separate settings. You can select Free Run while the rate is set to Sync.
To continuously vary Rate with another LFO or Macro, use Free. In Sync, the selected note duration and DAW tempo determine the speed instead of Hz modulation of Rate.
The Sync options 4 Bar, 2 Bar, and 1 Bar correspond to 16, 8, and 4 quarter notes, respectively. The remaining options are 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/4D, 1/8D, 1/16D, 1/4T, 1/8T, and 1/16T. D means dotted; T means triplet.
Free Run · Retrig · One Shot
Click the playback-mode button to cycle through the three modes.
Mode
Role
Free Run
Does not restart the cycle position when a note begins.
Retrig
Restarts from the Phase position when a note begins, then repeats.
One Shot
Restarts when a note begins, runs for one cycle, then stops.
When no keys are held, the display previews the curve's movement. During performance, it prioritizes the actual LFO position of a sounding note.
One Shot holds the final curve value after the cycle ends. It does not automatically return to 0. A Custom LFO with different endpoint values stops at its final endpoint, so distinguish this behavior from the Link ends setting.
MIDI Learn for Playback Modes
Right-click the playback-mode button that switches Free Run, Retrig, and One Shot to assign Retrig MIDI Learn... and One Shot MIDI Learn... separately. Distinguish the Free/Sync rate button from the playback-mode button.
Modulation and Performance Expression
Editing Custom LFOs
Enabling and Opening the Editor
Select the LFO tab to edit, enable Custom below Wave, then click the pencil icon that appears beside it.
While Custom is active, the basic Wave knob is disabled and the user curve is used. Turning Custom off does not erase the saved user curve. Turn it back on to use that curve again.
The text color indicates when Custom is active. The circular display shows the user curve, and the basic Wave selection pointer is not used. Turning Custom off returns to the basic Wave waveform.
The editor applies only to the selected LFO. To edit another LFO, select it on the main screen.
Draw
Move points in the graph to change their time positions and levels. Drag the curve between points to adjust the segment's curvature. You can use up to 32 points.
Double-click empty space: Add a point.
Right-click an interior point, or select it and press Delete or the delete button, to remove it.
Grid: Selects the point-snapping interval. Hold Shift while dragging to temporarily disable snapping.
Link ends: Keeps the start and end points at the same level.
Shape: Selects a starting shape: Triangle, Rise, Fall, Pulse, Flat, or S-curve.
Undo / Redo: Undoes or redoes curve edits.
Numeric Point Editing and Undo
Edit the selected point numerically with Position and Level, and the segment leading to the next point with Curve. The horizontal positions of the start and end points are fixed. Flip inverts the curve vertically.
Draw edits take effect immediately in that LFO. Done, close, and Esc close the editor; they do not cancel changes. Use Undo to revert changes. Command/Ctrl+Z / Command/Ctrl+Shift+Z also work.
Double-clicking empty space in a Custom LFO adds a point. Do not confuse this with double-clicking a curve segment to reset its curvature in Remap, Key Map, or Velocity Map.
Compose
Compose combines curves A and B to create a new curve. Instead of moving individual points in Draw, combine prepared curves and preview the result. The result is applied to the current LFO only when you press Apply to LFO.
Setting
Role
A · B
Selects the curves to combine. Current is the current curve.
Blend
Blends A and B in proportion.
Add
Adds the two curves.
Multiply
Uses one curve's level to attenuate or pass the other. If either is 0, the result is 0.
Mix
Adjusts the amount involved in the combination.
B Phase
Shifts B's position within its cycle.
B Stretch
Adjusts B's horizontal repetition/length ratio.
Apply to LFO
Applies the preview result as that LFO's curve.
Modulation and Performance Expression
ENVELOPE 1-4 and Loop
An envelope is a curve that defines how a sound begins, sustains, and fades after you press a key. ENV 1 controls amplitude without any additional connection. Connect ENV 2-4 to knobs you want to move, such as filter or pitch controls. ENV 1 can also modulate other knobs while controlling amplitude.
Stages and Controls
Control
Role
Attack
The time from pressing a key to reaching the peak level. With ENV 1, a short setting gives an immediate sound; a long setting fades it in.
Hold
The time spent at the peak level after reaching it.
Decay
The time taken to fall from the peak to the Sustain level. A short setting drops quickly after the initial attack.
Sustain
The level retained while a key is held. At 0, the envelope fades out after Decay; higher values retain more level. This is not a time control.
Release
The fade-out time after you release the key. Longer settings let the sound linger.
Depth
The amount of envelope modulation sent to other knobs, such as a filter. It does not turn off ENV 1's basic amplitude control.
Velo
The extent to which note Velocity affects envelope amplitude.
In the graph, you can adjust stage positions and levels, and the Attack, Decay, and Release curves. Even at the same time setting, the curve changes how quickly the beginning and end progress.
Increasing Velo makes softer key strikes produce a smaller envelope output. This affects not only volume but also the modulation amount sent to connected targets such as Cutoff and Coarse.
ENV 1's basic amplitude envelope continues to work even with Depth at 0. Depth reduces only modulation routed to filters and other targets. ENV 1's Attack, Hold, Decay, Sustain, Release, and Velo also affect the sound's volume.
You do not need to connect ENV 1 to amplitude. This is also why there is no Amp Level in the MATRIX Target list. To control amplitude with additional modulation, connect it to OSC Level or Master Volume.
The end of an envelope does not simultaneously cut off FX tails. Sound already sent to delay or reverb remains for the configured duration. OTT can raise fading sounds again, changing the perceived envelope fade.
Using Graph Handles
Drag the point at a stage's end to change its time or the Sustain level. Drag the curve handles in Attack, Decay, and Release vertically to change curvature. Hold Command/Ctrl for fine adjustment.
Double-clicking a handle restores only its corresponding setting to the default. Double-clicking a curve handle resets curvature without clearing its time value or other stages. Right-click a handle to open MIDI Learn for its setting.
Current Playback Position
During performance, a small pointer on the selected ENV graph shows its current position. With curved Attack, Decay, or Release stages, the pointer follows the curve. It stays at the held position during Sustain and moves into Release when the note is released.
ENV 1's pointer shows amplitude progression. ENV 2-4 show a pointer when actually in use: the envelope must be a source or VIA in an enabled route with nonzero Depth. It is normal for an unconnected ENV to have no pointer.
With Loop or Ping Pong, the pointer follows the actual loop direction. It disappears when the envelope finishes.
Loop
Select an ENV tab, then click the Loop icon in the envelope section. All four envelopes, including ENV 1, can use this setting.
Setting
Role
Off
Operates as a normal envelope.
Loop
Repeats the selected range forward.
Ping Pong
Alternates forward and backward through the selected range.
Start · End
Sets the first and last loop stages from Attack, Hold, and Decay.
While held
Repeats while the key is held.
Repeat count
Sets additional repeats after the first pass.
Repeat count provides 1-64 additional repeats after the first pass. While held repeats without a count limit while the note remains held. Start and End are chosen from Attack, Hold, and Decay; End cannot precede Start. Sustain and Release cannot be part of the loop range.
In Ping Pong, one forward-and-back trip counts as one repeat. When the specified repeats finish, the envelope continues to later stages and Sustain. Releasing the note moves it into Release even during a loop. If a pedal or ARP is sustaining the note, that note's eventual release determines the timing.
At 100% Sustain, Hold and Decay are at the same level. Looping only this flat section produces little or no level change even with Loop enabled. Check both the Loop icon's active state and the selected loop range.
Loop setting changes take effect immediately; close or Esc only closes the window. Use that window's Undo to revert a change and Redo to restore it. Loop settings are also saved in presets and DAW projects.
Modulation and Performance Expression
MACRO · XY PAD
Macro 1-8
A Macro lets you perform multiple changes with one knob. Connect a Macro to several knobs, such as Cutoff and effect Mix, and set the direction and amount for each. One target can rise while another falls.
An unconnected Macro does not change the sound when moved. Each preset can give its Macros different roles.
Click the settings icon in the MACRO section to access Connections and Capture.
Editing and Saving Macro Names
You can name the Macros above their knobs to describe their roles, such as Tone, Decay, or Dry/Wet. The numbers 1-8 remain visible even after names are entered.
Double-click the name area beside the number of the Macro you want to name.
Enter a name, then press Enter or click outside the field to confirm. Press Esc to cancel the edit.
Press Save in the preset browser to save the preset.
All 8 Macro names are saved with the preset.
Saving a DAW project also preserves the current Macro names. To share them in a preset file, save the preset separately too.
Names can contain up to 24 characters. Names longer than the display area are shortened on screen; hover to see the full name. Clearing and confirming a name leaves only the number.
Loading Init or a preset without assigned names does not retain the previous names. These operations work the same in CERNION and CERNION FX.
Connections
Select one of M1-M8 to see its connected Targets. Enable, disable, change Depth, or delete each route. Open the route in MATRIX to edit Remap and VIA as well.
Creating Routes with Capture
Capture creates Macro routes by recording knob settings for the Macro's 0% and 100% states.
Select the Macro and open Capture.
Set the knob values you want at 0% Macro, then press Capture 0%.
Change them to the values you want at 100% Macro, then press Capture 100%.
Select the items to connect from the list of changed settings.
Check both endpoint values, then press Apply routes.
Capture 0% and Capture 100% are buttons that remember the knob positions you have currently set. Pressing them does not automatically move knobs to another position. Create both states manually and capture each one. After pressing Apply routes, move the Macro to perform between the two states. Applying routes does not change the Macro's current position.
Capture connects continuously variable knobs. Source types, stepped waveform selections, Wave for GILLA ARP SAMPLES, settings of disabled FX, and similar controls may be excluded. Items may also be excluded because they overlap existing routes; check the reasons in the list. Edit any routes you need separately in MATRIX.
You can also edit endpoint values directly in the Capture list's 0% and 100% fields. Enter values using the target's units, such as Hz, st, or %, then press Enter or click outside the field to confirm. Esc cancels the unconfirmed edit in that field.
It is best to stop DAW automation during Capture. Continuously changing automated values can make it difficult to record the two intended states.
XY PAD
Moving the point inside the pad changes the X and Y sources together. X and Y can each connect to separate Targets. Drag the X/Y labels or select them from a Target's Add Mod Source menu.
Right-click the pad to view and edit X Axis and Y Axis connections separately. Double-click inside the pad to return both X and Y to the center at 50%. Connected Targets receive the modulation values for that position.
Modulation and Performance Expression
MPE · Per-Note Expression
Full MPE: Use per-note Pitch, Slide, and Press together. X-axis Pitch, or Glide expression, has a range of ±48 semitones; assign Y-axis Slide and Z-axis Press to your chosen Targets.
MPE stands for MIDI Polyphonic Expression, a method of transmitting pitch and expression separately for each simultaneously played note. Unlike conventional pitch bend, which affects all notes on one channel together, it lets you apply different changes to each held note.
The controller distributes notes across multiple MIDI channels and sends pitch, slide, and pressure values on the channel used by each note. The corresponding finger gestures depend on the controller.
X · Y · Z Roles
Dimension
Behavior in CERNION
X · Pitch
Per-note Pitch Bend. Applied directly to that note's pitch; no MATRIX route is needed.
Y · Slide / Timbre
Receives MIDI CC74. Available as MPE Y in MATRIX; you connect it to what you want to change.
Z · Pressure
Pressure applied while holding a key. Available as MPE Z in MATRIX; connect it to a Target of your choice.
Preparation and Activation
Enable MPE mode on your controller. If editing per-note expression in a DAW, configure the track to send MPE data to the plug-in.
If channel configuration is available, set Lower Zone: channel 1 for common control, channels 2-16 for per-note control. CERNION operates with this configuration.
Preserve per-note channels in the DAW's MIDI input/routing settings. Merging all input onto one channel can make per-note expressions move together.
MPE is enabled by default. A check beside MENU → MPE Enable in CERNION means it is on. Turn it off here to use conventional MIDI operation.
For independent expression on multiple simultaneous notes, select POLY and set VOICES to the polyphony you need.
Changing Presets and Reopening Songs
The MPE on/off setting is retained when you change presets. Selecting Factory, artist, or user presets, or initializing the sound with Init Preset, does not change it. MPE on/off is not included as part of the sound when saving a new preset either.
DAW projects store the MPE Enable state. A song saved with it on reopens with it on; one saved with it off reopens with it off. When using CERNION on multiple tracks, each track's setting is saved separately.
The knobs controlled by MPE Y/Z and their modulation amounts are saved in presets. Slide and Press can therefore have different roles in different presets even while MPE stays enabled.
Matching Pitch Ranges
CERNION's per-note X pitch range is fixed at 48 semitones, or 4 octaves, in each direction. Set your controller or DAW's per-note Pitch Bend Range to ±48 semitones too. Mismatched ranges produce pitches that differ from the intended finger movement or note expression.
The on-screen P.BEND + / - controls set the ranges for conventional pitch bend and MPE's channel 1 common pitch bend. Changing them does not change per-note X's ±48-semitone range.
Connecting Y/Z and Adjusting Response
X pitch is available as soon as MPE Enable is on. To change the sound with Y and Z, you must create modulation routes. Y is not permanently assigned to the filter, nor does Z automatically control volume.
Press MATRIX → Add route to add a route.
Select MPE Y or MPE Z as Source.
Select the control to modulate as Target, and enable the route's ON switch.
Set the direction and amount with Depth. At 0, the route produces no change.
You can also right-click a knob and select Add Mod Source → MPE Y / MPE Z. Check the new route in the knob's modulation display and in MATRIX.
Setting
What It Adjusts
Depth
Positive values raise the target as the Source increases; negative values lower it. The displayed unit follows the Target.
Unipolar
The default mode for Y/Z. Modulates in one direction from the input minimum to maximum.
Bipolar
Modulates in both directions around the input midpoint. Modulation in one direction may already be present at an input of 0.
Remap
Changes the response curve and usable input range. Move graph points and drag curves between points to adjust it.
VIA
Uses another Source to control this route's modulation amount. The amount may be reduced according to the VIA value.
Double-clicking a Remap curve segment resets only that segment's curvature; point positions remain unchanged. Adjust each route's response in Remap, and also check the Target knob's base value and available range.
Differences from Velocity and Aftertouch
Source
Information Received
Velocity
The strength of the initial note strike. This differs from pressure changes after the strike and is available even with MPE off.
Aftertouch
Pressure after a key is pressed. Also responds to conventional Channel Pressure and Poly Aftertouch input.
MPE Z
Receives pressure or Poly Aftertouch on the note's channel while MPE is enabled. Its output is 0 when MPE is off.
With MPE on, the same pressure input may affect both Aftertouch and MPE Z. If both Sources connect to the same Target, modulation from both routes is applied.
Per-Note Settings and Shared Settings
OSCs and synth filters process each note separately. Connect MPE Y/Z to these knobs to change individual notes within a chord independently. In contrast, FX process the combined sound of all played notes. Connecting MPE to FX changes shared effect settings; it does not create separate reverbs or delays for each note.
Supported Scope
Per-note channels: Uses Pitch Bend, CC74, and pressure input on channels 2-16. Pitch Bend on channel 1 applies to all notes together.
Channel configuration and range: Use the Lower Zone configuration. Switching to Upper Zone and automatic zone/pitch-range changes from controller setup messages (RPN) are not supported.
MPE X: Dedicated to pitch. MATRIX has no MPE X Source; only Y and Z can be routed.
Turning MPE off: MPE Y/Z output becomes 0, and conventional pitch bend uses the P.BEND + / - ranges. Turning MPE Enable off does not delete Y/Z route rows.
Sustain pedal: Uses CC64 on channel 1, the Lower Zone's common control channel. Notes remain held after you release the keys while the pedal is down, then enter Release when you release the pedal. This is separate from CC64 on per-note channels.
MONO · Legato: Single-voice playing modes. Use POLY for independent expression on multiple simultaneous notes.
Sustain Pedal and Playing Modes
MPE's common sustain pedal applies to POLY, MONO/Legato, and both ARPs. In an ARP, input notes held by the pedal may remain available to the pattern. Latch is CLASSIC ARP's own chord-hold setting, so check it separately from the pedal.
Releasing the pedal moves sustained notes into Release. ENV Release and delay/reverb tails can remain for their configured durations, so not all sound stops immediately.
You can also use MPE without a controller if your DAW can edit per-note expression and transmit it as MPE. Check your DAW's settings for note-expression editing and how it actually sends the data to the plug-in.
Open these settings from VOICE & MOD or the source settings icon in MATRIX. Shape the source in its settings window, then connect it to a Target in MATRIX. Editing a curve without making a connection does not affect the sound.
Key Map
This curve varies knob modulation according to the register you play. The horizontal axis runs from low to high keys; the vertical axis is the value sent to the route. You can make modulation stronger only in a high register, or weaker within a particular register. It does not remap the pitches of the keys themselves.
Key Map does not replace basic Key Track. You must connect the separate Source named Key Map to use the edited curve.
Velocity Map
Sets the response to key-strike strength. The horizontal axis runs from soft to hard input; the vertical axis is the value sent to the route. You can make even soft playing produce a large change, or make the response strong only when playing hard.
Editing Velocity Map does not automatically apply the same curve to the basic Velocity Source or ENV Velo settings. It applies only to routes using the Velocity Map Source.
Using Map Graphs
Drag a point: Change its input position and output value.
Drag a line or hollow curve handle: Bend the segment.
Double-click empty space: Add a point.
Double-click an interior point or press Delete: Delete the point.
Double-click a curve segment: Restore only that segment's curvature to a straight line. Point positions remain unchanged.
Edit point: Edit the selected point numerically.
Identity / Inverse / Soft / Hard / Flat: Load a prepared response shape.
Select Identity to restore the entire map to its initial form. Double-clicking a curve segment is different from resetting the whole map.
Map Selection and Numeric Entry
After clicking the graph, use the left/right arrow keys to select a point, and Enter to open or close the Edit point numeric controls. Key Map Input is displayed as a MIDI note number; Velocity Map Input is a percentage. Output is the modulation value sent at that position.
Map edits take effect immediately. Use Undo/Redo or Command/Ctrl+Z / Command/Ctrl+Shift+Z to revert or restore changes. View connections opens MATRIX filtered to the currently selected Source. Editing a curve alone does not create a new route.
Note Sources
Source
Role
Note Random
Generates a random value when a new note starts.
Note Alternate
Alternates values at each note start.
Note Counter
Advances one step per note through a sequence of a specified length.
Note Random's Seed determines the value sequence. Enter a Seed and press Enter or click outside the field to confirm; the new sequence starts with the next note. Set Note Counter's length from 2-16; it takes effect at the next note start. Unlike an LFO, these sources respond to note starts rather than continuously repeating over time.
These three sources advance only when a new key press occurs (Note On). Playing the same note again also advances them, but releasing a key or completing an LFO cycle does not. A note already started retains its value even while fading through Release.
Changing Seed leaves Note Alternate and Note Counter’s progression unchanged. Counter rises one step at a time from minimum to maximum over the specified length, then returns to the beginning.
Audio Follower
Moves knobs according to audio level. Its value rises as the input gets louder and falls as it gets quieter. In CERNION, it follows the synth signal before FX; in CERNION FX, it follows audio received from the DAW. Connect it to a filter, FX Mix, or other target to create effects that respond to performance dynamics.
Control
Role
Enabled
Turns on Audio Follower.
Attack
Adjusts how quickly it rises when input gets louder.
Release
Adjusts how quickly it falls when input gets quieter.
Gain
Adjusts the level entering detection, not the final output volume.
Audio Follower follows level only; it does not detect audio pitch or generate MIDI notes. New MIDI notes do not restart its level tracking. To use it, turn on Enabled, create a source route, and feed in audio.
Modulation and Performance Expression
MATRIX and Route Editing
MATRIX shows at a glance what (Source) moves which knob (Target), and by how much (Depth). Each row is one route, with details for the selected row below. Routes created by dragging onto knobs are also edited here.
Creating a Route
Add a row with Add route.
Select a Source.
Select a Target.
Set Mode and Depth, and enable the route.
You can also connect by dragging a Source from an LFO/ENV tab or similar control onto a Target knob.
Row Fields
Field
Role
ON
Enables or disables the route. Settings remain when disabled.
SOURCE
The source generating the value.
TARGET
The destination whose value will change.
VIA
An additional source controlling the route amount. None disables VIA.
MODE
Selects Unipolar or Bipolar.
DEPTH
The direction and amount of change. Negative values reverse the direction.
Delete icon
Deletes the route.
Narrow the displayed routes with the search field and Source, Target, and status filters. A lower displayed route count does not mean routes have been deleted.
Row Selection and Keyboard Operation
Clicking an unselected row first selects only that row. Even if you click a combo box in an unselected row, that first click does not open its list. Click SOURCE, TARGET, VIA, or MODE again in the selected row to open the list. Selecting a row lets you edit its Remap/VIA details. After clicking the list, use the up/down arrow keys to move between visible rows, and Delete or Backspace to delete the selected route. Esc clears the row selection. While entering a number or search term, the field's editing behavior takes priority.
Turning ON off or setting Depth to 0 can both make modulation inaudible, but retain the settings. Use delete to remove the route itself.
Source List
Available Sources are ENV 1-4, LFO 1-4, Macro 1-8, Velocity, Key Track, Mod Wheel, Aftertouch, MPE Y, MPE Z, XY Pad X, XY Pad Y, Note Random, Note Alternate, Note Counter, Audio Follower, Key Map, and Velocity Map.
Aftertouch and MPE require a controller or MIDI input that sends the corresponding data. MPE Y/Z carry MPE expression data, not the same values as conventional Velocity.
Unipolar · Bipolar
Unipolar: Uses the Source's range from 0 to maximum for movement in one direction.
Bipolar: Uses movement in both directions around the Source's midpoint.
To reverse a route, change the sign of Depth. Switching to Bipolar and making Depth negative are not the same operation.
Actual Units and Movement
Check the target's units: semitones for Coarse, cent for Fine, Hz/kHz for filters, and ms/s for time parameters. Some settings do not change by equal numeric intervals when the knob moves an equal distance. The same Depth can therefore reach different values and produce different amounts of change depending on the starting position.
Depth indicates the change from the base value, not an absolute destination value. Bipolar Depth is the amount from the center to one endpoint, not the full span between endpoints.
Modulation cannot exceed the Target's allowed range. If the base Cutoff is already at maximum, positive modulation cannot raise it further. Check the arc, endpoint value, and base knob position together.
Changes from multiple rows connected to the same Target are added together. Positive and negative routes can cancel each other, and the summed result is limited to the Target's allowed range.
Target Scope
Target
Scope and Conditions
Master/OSC Coarse / Fine, Glide, etc.
Synth pitch Targets, separate from MPE X's per-note ±48-semitone range.
OSC Wave, Level, Pan, Drift, unison, etc.
Controls the selected OSC. Wave for GILLA ARP SAMPLES and PM are not used like normal Wave modulation targets.
F1 / F2
Separate Targets. F2 affects processing only when not set to OFF.
ENV 1-4 time, level, Depth, Velo
Changes the envelope Source itself. Distinguish these from the route row's Depth and Remap.
LFO 1-4 Rate, Depth, Phase, Delay, Fade, Smooth, etc.
Changes the LFO itself. Basic Wave selection is not a Target. Rate modulation follows the Free-rate condition.
ARP performance settings
Operate when the corresponding engine is selected and the common Power is on.
FX slot settings
Apply to the slot containing that effect. Routes remain slot-specific even with multiple effects of the same type.
Output Volume, Width
Apply to the overall output. They do not create independent FX paths per note.
Not every on-screen button or list is a MATRIX Target. PM amount, ANALOG, source type, routing selection, and similar settings are handled by their own controls. Connect using items actually shown in the Target list. CERNION FX does not show synth-only Sources or Targets.
Remap
Remap changes the Source response for this route only. Give an individual route a different response without changing the original LFO or ENV shape.
Setting
Role
On
Enables Remap for the route.
Input min · max
The Source input range to use.
Output min · max
The output range to which that input is mapped.
Linear · Ease in · Ease out
Sets the response curve's direction.
Curve
Adjusts the amount of curvature.
Move the graph's endpoints to change ranges, and drag the line or middle handle to adjust the curve. Double-click the curve to return curvature to 0. Input/output endpoints and Remap On/Off remain unchanged.
Editing the graph does not automatically enable Remap. Check its On state.
Giving Each Route a Different Response with Remap
This example uses one MACRO 1 to change LFO 1's rate and depth with different responses.
Set LFO 1's rate mode to Free. Rate modulation applies in Free mode.
Create MACRO 1 → LFO 1 Rate and MACRO 1 → LFO 1 Depth routes, enable both, and set their Depth to nonzero values.
Select each row in MATRIX and enable Remap. For the Rate route, make a curve that is gentle at first and steep later; for the Depth route, make it steep at first and gentle later.
Turn MACRO 1 slowly. Initially, LFO Depth rises quickly while Rate changes gradually; later, Rate changes more strongly. The modulation pointers on the target knobs also move with different responses.
There is only one source, MACRO 1, but each route follows its own Remap curve. Changing a curve affects only that route's response, not the LFO waveform itself. Use the route's Depth to change only the amount of movement; use Remap to change which part of the range responds more sensitively.
VIA and Invert VIA
VIA uses another Source to control this route's influence. A lower VIA value reduces the route amount; a higher value applies more of it.
Invert VIA reverses the VIA value. It does not invert the Source waveform itself.
VIA Response
If a route uses an LFO to modulate a filter and Mod Wheel as VIA, the wheel controls the amount of LFO movement. It determines how much this route acts, rather than directly setting the filter's base position.
Mod Wheel Position
Route Behavior
Minimum
This LFO route's modulation amount becomes 0. It does not mute the whole sound or set the base Cutoff to 0.
Middle
Uses half the configured modulation amount.
Maximum
Uses the full configured modulation amount.
Invert VIA reverses this behavior. At the lowest Mod Wheel position, the full configured amount is used; at the highest position, this route's amount becomes 0.
Even if the same LFO 1 also connects to Pan, that route is unaffected by Mod Wheel if its VIA is None. VIA applies only to the selected route.
Depth, Remap, and VIA Compared
Desired Adjustment
Setting to Use
Connect the same Source to two Targets with different amounts
Set each row's Depth differently.
Make the response faster or slower over the Source range
Adjust each row's Remap curve.
Control a route's influence in real time with another knob or performance data
Assign a Source such as Macro, Mod Wheel, or Velocity to VIA.
Half VIA does not mean the Cutoff value in Hz is halved. With settings such as filter frequency, where knob position and numeric value are not proportional, watch the arc and listen to the actual change while adjusting.
Semitone Step
Available on routes targeting Master Coarse, OSC 1 Coarse, or OSC 2 Coarse. The default is Off.
Select a route row targeting Coarse in MATRIX. VCO I Coarse in the example means OSC 1 Coarse.
Press On under SEMITONE STEP in the detail area below.
Press Off in the same place to return to continuous pitch changes.
When enabled, the final Coarse value, after summing routes added to that Coarse, moves in whole semitones. It changes in steps rather than sliding between semitones.
It applies to that Coarse's final result, not to rounding one route separately.
It does not change Fine, Pitch Bend, or Glide. Changes in those settings can produce additional pitch movement alongside the semitone steps.
It does not select a scale or key. Distinguish it from a function that selects only notes in a particular scale.
Direct Navigation
Show target takes you to the target control; Edit source takes you to that Source's editor.
Arpeggiators
GILLA ARP
GILLA ARP is an independent arpeggiator that generates patterns from incoming notes. Its patterns play the sound you create in CERNION, regardless of the oscillator source you select.
Select GILLA ARP or CLASSIC ARP on the ARP page. This chapter describes the GILLA ARP engine. First check the shared power control and engine selection.
GILLA ARP plays evolving rhythmic patterns from the notes you hold. Play a chord, and its notes and their higher and lower octaves scatter, overlap, and move. Rather than entering notes into individual sequencer steps, you generate a pattern from the chord you play.
Basic Operation
Turn on GILLA ARP and play notes. Set Rate and pattern length, then adjust Density, Gate, Octave, Scatter, and Velocity.
Control
Role
Power
Turns pattern generation on or off. When off, incoming notes play normally.
Rate
The basic speed of note progression. In Free, lower values are slower and higher values faster. In Sync, shorter note durations such as 1/16 or 1/32 are faster than 1/4.
Free / Sync
Free sets speed in Hz; Sync uses note durations tied to DAW tempo. This selection changes the basis of speed even at the same Rate setting.
Pattern Length
Sets the length before the pattern returns to the beginning: 1/2 Bar, 1 Bar, 2 Bars, or 4 Bars. Shorter settings repeat the structure sooner; longer ones allow a longer flow.
Density
The number of notes placed within a pattern. Lower values leave more space; higher values create denser rhythms. At 0%, no notes are generated. Set individual note duration separately with Gate.
Gate
The duration of generated notes. Near the minimum of 5%, playing is short and detached; at 100%, notes last for the basic interval. Near the maximum of 200%, notes are more likely to overlap. The audible tail is also affected by ENV Release and FX.
Octave
The range of octave candidates used in the pattern. At 1, it uses the input pitch and one octave above; at 4, candidates extend two octaves above and below. Higher settings allow a wider register, but not every octave sounds every time.
Scatter
At low values, octaves close to the input register are selected more often. Higher values increase the chance of selecting distant octaves allowed by Octave, scattering the pattern across a wider register. It does not exceed the Octave range or create new notes outside the chord.
Velocity
Adjusts the strength of generated notes. Lower values play more softly; higher values play harder. Actual volume and brightness changes depend on the preset's Velocity routes, ENV Velo, compression, and distortion settings.
Performance Display
The upper display represents played notes as particles of light. They light up when notes start and disappear when notes end, showing how densely the pattern plays and how long notes overlap. This is not an output-level meter.
Display
Meaning
Particle lighting
Each generated note lights one particle.
Particle position
Based on the generated note's pitch and octave. Repeated notes may use nearby alternative positions.
Particle size
Higher generated-note Velocity produces a larger particle.
Particle hold and fade
A particle stays where it lights up, then disappears with a short afterglow when the note ends.
When not playing
Once remaining particles fade, only the charcoal-colored display remains.
Changing Rate changes the interval between particle appearances to match the pattern's actual speed. Density and the number of input notes affect particle density; Gate affects how long notes remain held.
Particle positions visualize pitch information; this is not a piano roll arranged in keyboard order. FX tail duration and the display's afterglow duration are also separate.
Pattern Start
Note On: Starts pattern playback from the note start.
Bar Sync: Sets playback position relative to bar boundaries.
Free Run: Plays by continuing the pattern's flow.
Tempo synchronization and bar position depend on the DAW's playback state and tempo information. Free speed is 0.25-32 Hz; Sync options are 1/4·1/8·1/16·1/32·1/8T·1/16T·1/8D·1/16D. With Resampled Timing enabled, pitch-dependent speed differences can also be added while using Sync.
Original Key
Original Key is the reference for pitch-dependent pattern playback speed. With Resampled Timing enabled and Manual selected, lowering the reference key makes the same held input run faster; raising it makes the same input run slower. This does not change the chord's key or harmony.
Mode
Reference
Fixed C4
Uses MIDI 60 as a fixed reference.
Manual
Set with the Original Key knob.
First Held
Uses the first note in the held note group as the reference.
Lowest Held
Uses the lowest held note as the reference.
Fixed C4 on screen means MIDI 60. Depending on the DAW's octave naming convention, the same note may be displayed as C3 or another octave name.
Resampled Timing · Resampled Gate
With Resampled Timing enabled, the pitch interval from the reference note affects pattern speed: higher notes run faster and lower notes slower. At 0% Timing Amount, no pitch-dependent speed difference is applied. Raising it increases speed differences for notes farther from the reference. At 100%, the full pitch-dependent playback ratio is applied.
Resampled Gate also applies the pitch-dependent playback ratio to generated-note durations. Higher notes become shorter and lower notes longer. When off, this pitch ratio is not applied to note duration. Timing and Gate can be enabled independently.
Register and Scope
Octave is set from 1-4. Relative to the input note, the generator's octave candidates are 1: original pitch, +1 octave, 2: -1, original pitch, +1, 3: -1, original pitch, +1, +2, and 4: -2, -1, original pitch, +1, +2 octaves. Scatter, the held register, and other factors affect which candidates are chosen. Not every available octave sounds on every pass.
Gate ranges from 5-200%. Notes can overlap when Gate exceeds the basic interval. Velocity controls generated-note strength, but actual volume differences also depend on ENV Velo and downstream compression/distortion.
Notes generated by GILLA ARP and CLASSIC ARP play CERNION's internal sound engine. Generated MIDI cannot be sent to other plug-ins or saved as a MIDI file. LFOs, ENV Loop, and FX can continue to shape the sound independently when ARP is off.
Arpeggiators
CLASSIC ARP
Select CLASSIC ARP on the same ARP page as GILLA ARP. The shared power control enables whichever engine is currently selected. The two engines do not run on top of each other simultaneously.
CLASSIC ARP separately determines the order in which held notes play and the rhythm in which they play. Note Order and Octave determine pitch order, while up to 32 step bars set dynamics, duration, and rests. Changing bar height changes playing strength (Velocity), not pitch.
Overall Controls
Control
Role
Rate Free / Sync
Free is 0.25-32 Hz; Sync uses note durations at DAW tempo.
Pattern Length
Sets a repeating length of 1-32 steps. Also adjustable with the horizontal range handle below.
Pattern Start
Selects Legato, Note, or Song Position as the start reference.
Note Order
19 ways of selecting held notes.
Play Mode
Selects Loop, Once, or Random Steps.
Length
Sets overall note duration to 1-100% of the step interval. Multiplied by each step's Length.
Swing
Alternates longer and shorter intervals to create swing.
Octave
The octave range to use, from 1-4.
Humanity
Adds subtle variation according to Timing, Velocity, or Timing + Velocity in the settings menu.
Life
Adds variation to generated-note Velocity. It does not edit pitch.
Key Velocity
At 0%, uses the bar's Velocity; at 100%, centers on the played key's actual Velocity. Intermediate settings blend both.
Groove
Applies the slightly early or late timing feel from imported MIDI. Use after importing a MIDI Groove.
Latch
Keeps the last chord's pattern playing after you release the keys. Release all keys, then play a new chord to replace the held chord.
D in the Sync list means dotted; T means triplet. Sync options are 1/1, 1/2, 1/2D, 1/2T, 1/4, 1/4D, 1/4T, 1/8, 1/8D, 1/8T, 1/16, 1/16D, 1/16T, 1/32, 1/32T, and 1/64T.
Start and Playback Modes
Legato: Continues the pattern as overlapping notes are added. Releasing all keys and starting a new group allows it to restart. Note: Restarts the pattern on a new Note On. Song Position: In Sync, sets the starting position from the DAW's playback position. It depends on the position and playback state supplied by the DAW.
Loop repeats the configured range; Once runs through it once. Random Steps randomly selects step dynamics, rests, and lengths within the current pattern length. Note Order's Random selects pitches, so it differs from Random Steps.
Step Editing
Action
Result
Drag in the bar area
Sets step Velocity from 1-127. Move horizontally to draw across multiple bars.
Hold Shift and drag a bar horizontally
Adjusts the selected step's length. This is specific to this editor, not the standard knob fine-adjustment gesture.
Click the indicator below a step number
Enables the step or makes it a rest.
Drag the bottom range handle
Changes the number of steps used.
Right-click a step
Selects Enabled, Tie to next step, or Length 25/50/75/100%.
Left/right arrow keys
Selects a step to edit.
Up/down arrow keys
Adjusts the selected step's Velocity by 1.
Space
Enables or disables the selected step while the step editor is selected.
Tie to next step carries the previous note into the next step instead of retriggering a new note each time. A rest breaks the tie. A Tie on the last step does not hold the note indefinitely after Once playback.
With a step length of 50% and overall Length of 80%, the note sounds for about 40% of the basic interval. ENV 1 Release and FX tails can continue afterward, so bar width is not the same as the audible tail length. At 100% Key Velocity, changing bar heights alone may produce little audible difference in dynamics.
Rhythm Presets and Reset
Accent is a basic rhythm with accents, Straight a regular rhythm at equal strength, Offbeat a rhythm with alternating rests, and Sparse a rhythm with fewer notes. This menu changes step Velocity, length, enabled state, and Tie. It does not load a complete sound preset.
Reset returns CLASSIC ARP's speed, pattern, performance settings, and imported Groove to their defaults. Distinguish it from Init Preset, which also initializes oscillators and FX.
Complete Note Order List
Name
Note Selection
Up · Down
Up proceeds from low to high; Down from high to low.
Up / Down · Down / Up
Ascends then descends, or descends then ascends, without repeating endpoint notes. These are the bidirectional menu items containing a slash.
Up / Down (Repeat Ends) and Down / Up (Repeat Ends)
Repeats each endpoint note once more when changing direction.
As Played
Follows the order in which keys were pressed.
Chord
Cycles through chord inversions while retaining the number of held notes. Octave affects the inversion range.
Random
Chooses one of the currently held notes at each step.
Repeat Each x2 / x4
Ascends while repeating each note twice or four times.
Outside In / Inside Out
Alternates between low and high notes from the outside inward, or from the center outward.
In then Out / Out then In
Moves inward then outward, or outward then inward.
Stepwise Up / Stepwise Down
Moves two notes forward and one note back.
Stepwise Up / Down and Stepwise Down / Up
Runs the above stepwise motion in alternating ascending and descending directions.
Importing MIDI Groove
Choose Import MIDI groove... from the settings icon, or drop one .mid or .midi file onto the step editor. Use a MIDI note file of 4 MB or less. Standard musical MIDI with time recorded in beats (PPQ) is supported; video-time-based SMPTE files are not. Before importing, set Sync Rate to the intended step division.
The import reads how far note starts fall before or after the beat and applies those offsets to up to 32 steps. It does not copy the MIDI melody's pitches, a complete drum pattern, or Velocity as-is. Set the amount with Groove and remove it with Clear MIDI groove. Files without notes or using a different time basis may not import.
How strongly step Velocity differences affect actual volume also depends on ENV 1 Velo and downstream FX. Even with Key Velocity toward the step setting, low Velo or heavy OTT/Distortion compression can reduce dynamic differences. CLASSIC ARP likewise does not provide external MIDI output or MIDI file export.
Effects
FX Rack and Serial/Parallel Routing
Place effects in the FX rack to add space, repeats, thickness, distortion, and more. Choose SERIAL to process them in sequence or PARALLEL to split them into two paths and blend the results. Multiple instances of the same effect are allowed.
Parallel supports up to 8 effects each on A and B, for 16 total. In Serial, new effects can be added up to a limit of 8, but an existing 9-16-effect setup made in Parallel is retained when switched to Serial.
Adding, Moving, and Deleting
Select an effect in the FX browser on the left to add it.
Drag an effect card's move handle to change its order.
Use the card's power button to Bypass that effect.
Use the card's delete button to remove the effect.
Bypass All: Bypasses the entire rack while retaining individual settings.
Clear All: Deletes every effect in the rack after confirmation.
Bypass temporarily disables processing while retaining effect order and settings. Deleting an effect stops its processing, but if another delay or reverb downstream has already received sound from it, that effect's tail may remain separately.
Inserting at a Specific Position
Drag an item from the FX browser into the rack to see an insertion indicator. Drop it before or after the desired card. You can also choose an effect from the + button at the rack's end to append it. To reorder an effect, grab the card's move handle and drag it to the insertion position.
Selecting Modes and Algorithms
Selectors with arrows on either side of the name let you compare neighboring items without opening a list.
Previous/next item: Click the left or right arrow. Each click changes one item, wrapping from either end to the other.
Select directly from the list: Click the central name area. Choose an item from the list displaying full names.
This applies to MICRO GRAIN Algorithm, Trigger, Time, and Space; REVERB Space; Flexible Distortion Mode, Pre Filter, and Post Filter; and MULTIMODE FILTER's filter type.
Long names may be abbreviated in the panel. For example, Weave means Layer Weave, and Asym means Asymmetric. Click the central name to open the list, or hover over it to see the full name.
SERIAL
Passes sound through the effects in rack order. Each effect receives the result of the preceding effect, so changing the order changes the sound.
New effects can be added until the rack contains 8 in total. If it already contains 8 or more, you cannot add more in Serial. Bypassed effects count too; bypassing does not free a slot.
This limit applies only to adding new effects. Switching a 9-16-effect Parallel setup to Serial retains all existing effects and processes them serially. Effects beyond the eighth are not automatically deleted or bypassed.
PARALLEL
Splits the input into A and B paths and combines their results. Use up to 8 effects on A + 8 on B, for 16 total. Select the path to edit with the A/B buttons.
Select Parallel in the routing selector.
Assign each effect to A or B in the routing view.
Set the order within each path.
Adjust Blend and each path's Level/Pan.
Setting
Role
Blend
The balance between A and B. 0% B is A; 100% B is B.
Level
The selected path's output level.
Pan
The selected path's stereo position.
Blend differs from each effect's Dry/Wet. The results of individual effect Mix settings are combined again at the A/B paths.
When a path contains 8 effects, you cannot add another or move one into it from the other path. If the other path has room, select its tab and add there. Attempting to move an effect into a full path does not change existing effect placement or settings.
Working with A/B Paths
The A/B tabs select the path to edit on screen. They are not Solo buttons; both paths continue processing together according to Blend and Level.
In Routing, click effect blocks to assign them to A or B. Adding a new FX from the browser in Parallel places it on the currently selected path. In the A / B Mix settings icon, enter each path's Level and Pan directly or adjust them with sliders. An empty path passes the dry signal, so you can leave one path empty to blend dry and processed sound in parallel.
Switching Serial/Parallel and Retaining Settings
PARALLEL → SERIAL: Retains effect count, settings, Bypass states, and modulation routes. Instead of the A/B division, effects connect in the overall order stored in the rack, which you can view and change in Serial. It does not concatenate all of A followed by all of B into a new order.
SERIAL → PARALLEL: Retains each effect's A/B assignment, Blend, and per-path Level/Pan. Within each path, effects process in their order in the overall rack. Switching modes back and forth without other changes restores the original A/B setup.
Example: Place 8 effects on A and 8 on B, then switch to Serial: all 16 remain. Switch back to Parallel: the 8-on-A/8-on-B setup returns. Even after deleting some effects in Serial, you cannot add new ones while 8 or more remain. At 7 or fewer, you can add back up to 8.
Serial and Parallel carry sound differently, so switching can change timbre and output level even with the same effects and settings. Listen after switching and adjust Mix/output levels as needed. To preserve the effect setup and modulation in a preset, press Save.
Common Mix and Character Controls
Mix is that effect's Dry/Wet balance. At 0%, you hear no processed signal; at 100%, you hear the processed signal.
Character changes the effect's texture. The character added, such as saturation, brightness changes, or subtle fluctuation, differs between effects. Unlike Mix, it does not set the proportion of dry signal.
Per-Effect OUT Gain
The OUT control at the lower left of the 10 effects other than OTT adjusts output from -24 dB to +24 dB. At 0.0 dB, no gain or attenuation is added. Drag to adjust, hold Command/Ctrl for fine adjustment, or Shift-click to enter a value.
Changing volume does not undo distortion created by earlier Drive stages or the algorithm itself. It does change the level entering later effects, so raising OUT can change the response of downstream OTT or Distortion. OTT has its own Input/Output and does not display this additional common OUT control.
Latency and the Dry Path
Some effects need time to process sound. The DAW uses latency reported by the plug-in to align it with other tracks. Latency felt during real-time playing also depends on the DAW's buffer settings. Mix 0% or Bypass does not necessarily reduce both CPU usage and latency to 0.
Moving an effect carries its values and modulation routes with it. When using several instances of the same type, choose the correct slot in MATRIX. Deleting an effect is different from simply moving it.
Effects
MICRO GRAIN
MICRO GRAIN briefly stores incoming audio, then cuts it into short pieces to repeat, layer, or reorder. Algorithm selects the processing method, while Variation A-D selects a specific approach within that algorithm.
Selecting an Algorithm and Variation
Change the algorithm with the arrows beside the ALGORITHM name on the right, or click the central name to select from the list.
Use the A · B · C · D buttons in STYLE on the left to select that algorithm's Variation.
Adjust Activity, Repeats, Shape, and Time to set the amount and timing of the selected processing.
Each of the 11 algorithms has 4 Variations, for 44 combinations in total. Switching A-D changes pitch, playback order, duration, and layering. They are not ordered from weaker at A to stronger at D.
Basic Controls
Control
Role
Algorithm
Selects one of the 11 algorithms described below.
A · B · C · D
Selects one of the current algorithm's four Variations.
Activity
Adjusts how often pieces play, how many overlap, the range of stored audio selected, and related behavior. The affected elements differ by algorithm.
Repeats
Adjusts how much pieces repeat and how long they remain.
Shape
Adjusts piece length and how smoothly their starts and ends connect. In Rate Glide, it also changes the playback-speed curve.
Time
The reference time for repeats and piece playback.
Mix
The balance between dry audio and MICRO GRAIN processing.
Mod Rate
The speed of internal pitch fluctuation.
Mod Depth
The amount of internal pitch fluctuation.
Cutoff
The processed-signal filter's reference frequency.
Resonance
The processed-signal filter's resonance amount.
Space
The amount of internal spatial effect.
The details controlled by Activity and Shape depend on the selected algorithm. Use Mix for the dry/processed balance.
Trigger
Mode
Role
Audio
Detects and responds to onsets and changes in incoming audio.
MIDI
Responds to incoming MIDI notes.
Hybrid
Uses both audio and MIDI note input.
Trigger determines when stored audio plays. It does not turn MIDI notes themselves into new sound, so audio input is required in every mode. When using MIDI or Hybrid in CERNION FX, configure your DAW to send MIDI notes to the plug-in along with audio.
Time and Space Modes
Sync: Selects Time as a note duration at DAW tempo.
Free: Sets Time in ms or s.
Bright Room: Short reverb with bright highs.
Dark Medium: Medium-length reverb with reduced highs.
Large Hall: Broad, spacious reverb like a large hall.
Ambient: Long, spreading, continuous reverb.
At low Space settings, differences between spatial modes may be subtle. Space is MICRO GRAIN's internal spatial processing, independent of any separately added REVERB slot.
Algorithm Types
The 11 algorithms available in ALGORITHM fall into the following four families. Each algorithm's A-D descriptions below correspond to the Variation buttons on the left.
Family
Processing and Included Algorithms
MICRO LOOP
Repeats short sections or changes playback speed. Includes Layer Weave, Slice Chain, and Rate Glide.
GRANULAR
Layers very short audio pieces called grains. Includes Cloud Veil, Depth Stream, and Onset Cascade.
GLITCH
Reorders pieces or interrupts playback. Includes Block Shift, Signal Break, and Step Slice.
MULTI DELAY
Arranges and varies the spacing of multiple repeats. Includes Tap Grid and Time Bend.
MICRO LOOP
Algorithm: Layer Weave
Loops a short section of input while layering copies at different playback speeds. Changing playback speed also changes pitch.
Variation A: Layers the original pitch with a sound one octave above.
Variation B: Layers the original pitch with a sound one octave below.
Variation C: Layers sounds centered on one octave above.
Variation D: Layers the original pitch with sounds one octave below, one octave above, and two octaves above.
Algorithm: Slice Chain
Chains and repeats short pieces selected from recent input. The Variation changes selection order, playback direction, and filter movement.
Variation A: Focuses on chains of pieces at the original pitch.
Variation B: Alternates pieces at the original pitch and one octave below. Increasing Activity lets layered sounds remain longer.
Variation C: Retains the original pitch while moving the filter differently for each layered sound.
Variation D: Broadens the selection range and plays some pieces backward. Increasing Activity also blends in lower-pitched and bit-reduced sounds.
Algorithm: Rate Glide
Changes speed during piece playback to make pitch glide.
Variation A: Moves between one octave below and the original pitch.
Variation B: Falls from one octave above to one octave below.
Variation C: Rises from the original pitch to one octave above.
Variation D: Layers rising and falling pitches together.
Shape also affects the transition curve, changing the feel even with the same start and end pitches.
GRANULAR
This family contains three algorithms: Cloud Veil, Depth Stream, and Onset Cascade. Short audio pieces are called grains, and multiple grains play in overlapping layers.
Algorithm: Cloud Veil
Cuts several sections of input into short grains and layers them simultaneously.
Variation A: Continuously layers relatively long grains at the original pitch.
Variation B: Scatters the positions and timing of shorter grains. Includes some reverse playback.
Variation C: Alternates grains at the original pitch and one octave above.
Variation D: Alternates grains at the original pitch and one octave below.
Algorithm: Depth Stream
Periodically moves the read position through briefly stored input. It plays grains while moving between the most recent and earlier audio.
Variation A: Cycles the read position through stored input, producing a stream of grains at the original pitch.
Variation B: Plays grains one octave below and emphasizes a particular frequency band.
Variation C: Scatters grain placement more widely and strengthens resonant bands.
Variation D: Moves the read position through stored input along an envelope curve.
Algorithm: Onset Cascade
Detects points where input sound begins or arrives strongly, cuts short pieces from those points, and plays them repeatedly.
Variation A: Repeats the most recent attack regularly.
Variation B: Groups offset copies of recent attacks.
Variation C: Reads from recent attacks toward earlier attacks while accelerating.
Variation D: Reads from earlier attacks toward recent attacks while slowing down. Grains one octave above may be mixed in.
GLITCH
This family contains three algorithms: Block Shift, Signal Break, and Step Slice. They reorder audio pieces or interrupt playback, adding pitch and filter changes.
Algorithm: Block Shift
Divides input into short blocks and changes their playback order.
Variation A: Rotates block placement while retaining the original pitch.
Variation B: Interleaves blocks and skips some read positions. Includes octave emphasis and stepped low-pass changes.
Variation C: Mirrors the order back and forth, using lower-register content and band-pass changes.
Variation D: Shuffles the order and combines pitch, frequency-band, and digital-texture changes.
Algorithm: Signal Break
Inserts short repeating pieces into the incoming audio. The Variation changes interruption length, piece pitch, and filtering.
Variation A: Short, distinct interruptions centered on the original pitch.
Variation B: Lowers the inserted pieces' pitch and moves a filter that reduces highs.
Variation C: Broadens the region in which pieces change. Emphasizes sounds one octave above and moves a filter that passes a specific band.
Collects slices from the beginnings of sounds in recent input, then plays them one by one in a defined order.
Variation A: Reads pieces forward at the original pitch.
Variation B: Skips pieces, using lower-register components and low-pass changes.
Variation C: Reads pieces back and forth, using upper-octave emphasis and band-pass changes.
Variation D: Shuffles piece order and combines pitch, frequency-band, and digital-texture changes.
MULTI DELAY
This family contains two algorithms: Tap Grid and Time Bend. An individual delay repeat is called a tap; these algorithms arrange the playback times of multiple taps.
Algorithm: Tap Grid
Places repeats at the original pitch at multiple times. Changing the Variation changes their spacing and overlap.
Variation A: A relatively straight, regular repeat pattern.
Variation B: A syncopated pattern offset from the beat.
Variation C: A pattern with larger gaps between repeats.
Variation D: Interlocks repeats at different intervals. Increases the number of repeats and the input range used for repeating.
Algorithm: Time Bend
Gradually changes the spacing between repeats while also applying filter and pitch changes.
Variation A: Gradually varies repeat spacing, with a high-reducing filter that also changes over time.
Variation B: Repeats gradually accelerate. A filter passes a specific frequency band and adds resonance.
Variation C: Repeats gradually slow down, mixing in sounds shifted up or down by multiple octaves.
Variation D: Combines delays repeating at different intervals with short-grain playback.
Effects
SHIMMER
SHIMMER is a reverb that adds pitch shifting to its tail. It can build shimmering high layers above the original sound or create a tail that deepens downward. Set the pitch interval with Shift and adjust how much of that component is mixed in with Shimmer.
Control
Role
Mix
The balance between dry sound and reverb.
Decay
How long the reverb lasts.
Shimmer
How much pitch-shifted sound recirculates within the reverb. Higher values reveal more pitch-shifting layers.
Diffusion
Higher values blur repeat boundaries into a dense reverb tail.
Shift
The number of semitones shifted in one pitch-processing pass.
Size
Adjusts the scale of the space and internal delays.
Motion
Adjusts movement inside the reverb.
Tone
Adjusts reverb brightness and high-frequency damping character.
Character
Adjusts the color and texture added to the reverb.
When processed sound recirculates through the reverb, pitch shifts accumulate.
At low Shimmer and Decay settings, accumulated components fade quickly. Increasing Diffusion blurs the boundaries of individual repeats into a more continuous reverb.
Shift is continuously adjustable from -12 to +12 semitones. It is not limited to fixed octave-up/down choices; intermediate intervals are available too. At 0 Shift, there is no pitch shift, but reverb and the other settings continue to apply.
Effects
REVERB
REVERB adds spatial reflections and reverberation to incoming audio. Select a space mode, then use Decay, Size, Diffusion, and other controls to adjust the length and spread of the tail.
Space Modes
Mode
Character
Room
A relatively short, direct, room-like space.
Hall
Spreading reverb in a large space.
Plate
Dense plate-style reverb.
Bloom
Emphasizes the way reverb spreads and develops.
Infinite
Handles extremely long-lasting reverb.
Controls
Control
Role
Mix
The balance between dry sound and reverb.
Decay
Adjusts reverb decay time.
Pre-Delay
The interval between the dry sound and the start of reverb. Increasing it separates the initial attack from the reverb.
Diffusion
How densely reflections blend. Higher values soften the boundaries of individual reflections.
Size
Adjusts the scale of the space.
Low Cut
Reduces low frequencies in the reverb.
High Cut
Reduces high frequencies in the reverb.
Damping
How much highs diminish as the tail continues. Higher values make it grow darker over time.
Modulation
Adjusts movement of the reverb's internal delays.
Character
Adjusts reverb color and texture.
High Cut removes highs to set the reverb's overall brightness. Damping controls how quickly highs diminish during the tail.
Holding the Tail in Infinite
Selecting Infinite does not produce an infinite hold at every Decay value. Freeze holds the tail in the topmost Decay range, at approximately 29.5 seconds and above. Lowering Decay below that range restores normal decay.
Freeze holds reverb from sound that has already entered. The tail remains after input stops, but if no sound has entered, there is no tail to hold. As the held tail builds, less new sound is added, so it responds differently from simply extending Hall's Decay.
Effects
STEREO DELAY
A delay with independently adjustable left and right repeat times.
Control
Role
Time L · Time R
The left/right repeat intervals.
L/R LINK
Links left/right times for adjustment with a common Time control.
Free / Sync
Selects time values or tempo-synchronized note durations.
Feedback
The amount of repeats fed back within each channel.
Cross FB
The amount of feedback sent to the opposite channel.
Low Cut · High Cut
Reduces lows and highs in the repeats, respectively. Creates lighter or darker repeats distinct from the dry sound.
Width
Adjusts the width of the left/right repeats.
Duck
Lowers repeats while you play and brings them back as the dry sound gets quieter. Use it to keep repeats from masking the dry sound.
Character
Adjusts repeat color and texture.
Mix
The balance between dry sound and repeats.
With L/R LINK on, a common Time control is shown; with it off, Time L and Time R appear separately. Free's ms time and Sync's note selection are separate settings. Time modulation adds changes in ms to the base time set in Free or Sync. It can vary actual repeat spacing even in Sync, but does not change the selected note name itself. Use the common Time route while linked, and the left/right Time routes while unlinked.
Effects
PING PONG DELAY
A delay whose repeats move between left and right.
Control
Role
Time
The basic repeat interval.
Free / Sync
Selects time values or tempo-synchronized durations.
Feedback
How much the repeats persist.
Cross FB
Adjusts the proportion of repeats crossing between left and right.
Low Cut · High Cut
Reduces lows and highs in the repeats, respectively. Creates lighter or darker repeats distinct from the dry sound.
Width
How widely the repeats move across the stereo field.
Duck
Lowers repeats while you play and brings them back as the dry sound gets quieter. Use it to keep repeats from masking the dry sound.
Character
Adjusts repeat color.
Mix
The balance between dry sound and repeats.
PING PONG DELAY uses one common Time and has no STEREO DELAY-style L/R LINK. Time modulation adds changes to the base repeat time in both Free and Sync; it does not replace the selected Sync note duration itself. Lower Cross FB and Width can weaken the sense of left/right movement.
Effects
OVER THE TOP
OVER THE TOP (OTT) is a compression effect that divides the sound into low, mid, and high bands to reduce level differences. It combines upward compression that raises quiet components with downward compression that reduces loud ones. Subtle harmonics or tails can come forward, making the sound denser.
Main Controls
Control
Role
Input
The level entering the compressor. Changes the compression response itself.
Output
Output level after compression.
Amount
Overall compression strength, not simply Dry/Wet.
Time
How quickly it responds to level changes. Changes the feel of attacks and fading sounds.
UP / Upwd
Upward compression amount.
DN / Dnwd
Downward compression amount.
Mix
Blends compressed and dry sound.
Per-Band Panel
Adjust each band in the LOW, MID, and HIGH sections.
Crossover: The frequencies dividing LOW/MID and MID/HIGH.
Below Threshold: The threshold below which signals are raised.
Above Threshold: The threshold above which signals are reduced.
Upward/downward ratio displays: Adjust compression strength in each direction.
Band Gain: Adjusts the output balance of each band.
Meters: Show incoming levels and compression state.
The reference lines and numeric areas in the panel are controls. Thresholds, ratios, and band Gain can be adjusted separately.
Drag a Threshold horizontally inside a band bar to set its dB position. Drag vertically on numeric Threshold, ratio, Gain, and Crossover fields; Command/Ctrl fine adjustment is available for these vertical adjustments. Double-click a control area to restore only that value to its default, or right-click to open MIDI Learn.
Upward compression also raises quiet Sustain and reverb tails. Even with a short ENV earlier in the signal chain, the tail may sound longer and louder. Output changes only the finished volume; reduce UP, Amount, or Mix to reduce this behavior.
Effects
BBD CHORUS
BBD CHORUS layers subtly fluctuating copies over the dry sound to add thickness and stereo width. Use I/II to select chorus modes with different characters, then Width and Mix to set the spread and effect amount.
I · II: Selects different chorus settings. Both modes can be enabled together.
Width: Adjusts stereo width.
Mix: The balance between dry and chorus-processed sound.
With both I and II off, dry sound passes through instead of chorus processing, regardless of Mix. Enable I or II to blend in that mode's processed sound.
Effects
MULTIMODE FILTER
A filter that processes audio in the FX rack. It is independent of the synth's F1/F2, and its input depends on where you place it in the rack.
Type
Role
LP 12 · LP 18 · LP 24 · LP 36
Reduces high frequencies.
HP 12 · HP 24
Reduces low frequencies.
BP
Passes a specific band.
Notch
Reduces a specific band.
Peak
Emphasizes a specific band.
Comb
Creates regularly spaced resonances.
Formant
Creates vowel-like resonant bands.
Use Cutoff, Resonance, Drive, and Mix to adjust the reference frequency, resonance, drive amount, and dry-signal balance. Drag horizontally in the frequency display to adjust Cutoff, or vertically to adjust Resonance.
CERNION's FX filter includes Key Track. This control is absent in CERNION FX, which processes external audio.
Hold Command/Ctrl while dragging the graph for fine Cutoff/Resonance adjustment. Double-click the graph to restore both values to their defaults. This does not reset filter type, Drive, or Mix.
Key Track and Formant
FX Key Track within the synth moves a shared filter processing the combined notes. When you play a chord, it considers the pitches together, with louder notes having more influence. Unlike F1/F2, it does not move a separate filter for each note. As the sound becomes quiet, it holds the last detected pitch as its reference.
Control Formant's vowel position with the slot's Filter Vowel Target in MATRIX. The card's Cutoff does not become a Vowel knob. Comb's reference frequency reaches a maximum of 10 kHz. Its highest adjustable value may differ from other filters, and the filter's upper limit also depends on the sample rate in use. This FX has no ANALOG button like synth F1.
Effects
DISTORTION
DISTORTION adds harmonics and makes the texture rougher or firmer. Its character varies by Mode, from gentle saturation to metallic folding and digital-noise-like textures. Drive sets processing strength; Mix sets the balance between dry and processed sound.
Mode
Mode
Role
Soft Clip
Rounds off loud signals to create saturation.
Hard Clip
Cuts signal portions above the limit more sharply.
Tube
Tube-style saturation.
Diode
Diode-style distortion. The waveform changes with input level, adding harmonics and rough texture.
Fold
Folds amplified waveforms to create complex harmonics.
Rectify
Creates new harmonics by flipping the waveform's negative portion.
Asymmetric
Distortion that responds differently to the waveform's upper and lower halves.
Bit Crush
Reduces amplitude resolution to create a rough, grainy digital texture.
Downsample
Increases the interval between waveform samples to create harsh highs and digital texture.
Controls
Drive: The drive amount that creates distortion.
Bias: Changes the balance of distortion between the waveform's upper and lower halves. Harmonic content changes even at the same Drive.
Tone: Adjusts overall brightness.
Dynamics: Adjusts the response to input level.
Character: The amount of additional coloration.
Mix: The balance between dry and distorted sound.
Pre Filter · Post Filter
Pre is the filter before distortion; Post is the filter after it. Each offers Off, LP, HP, BP, and Notch. Cutoff sets the reference frequency; Q sets the emphasis around it.
Pre Filter changes which frequencies drive the distortion. Post Filter shapes harmonics already created. The same Cutoff produces different results in the two positions.
With Pre Filter or Post Filter set to Off, its Cutoff/Q do not affect that filter's processing. This does not also disable the other filter or the distortion Mode. In Bit Crush and Downsample, Drive changes the intensity of the selected digital processing, which may not sound like the harmonic increase produced by Soft Clip's Drive.
Effects
ROTARY
ROTARY recreates the volume, timbre, and pitch changes of a rotating speaker. It processes the high-frequency horn and low-frequency drum separately, with Slow and Fast selecting rotation speeds.
Control
Role
Slow / Fast
Selects the target rotation speed. Switching includes acceleration/deceleration.
Width
The stereo width of the rotation effect.
Balance
Adjusts the horn/drum balance.
Mix
The balance between dry and rotary-processed sound.
Effects
CASSETTE
CASSETTE adds the saturation, pitch fluctuation, high-frequency loss, and noise associated with tape recording and playback.
Control
Role
Drive
The amount of saturation and compression associated with recording level.
Bias
Adjusts the balance of tape saturation and harmonic response.
Wow
Slow playback-speed fluctuation.
Flutter
Fast playback-speed fluctuation.
Age
The amount of wear, irregularity, and aging character.
Noise
The amount of tape noise.
High Loss
The amount of high-frequency reduction. Higher values sound darker, like older tape.
Mix
The balance between dry and cassette-processed sound.
Wow and Flutter control fluctuations in playback speed and pitch. High Loss controls high-frequency reduction; high-frequency compression from Drive is applied separately.
Reducing Noise is different from reducing Wow, Flutter, and Age. Speed fluctuation and aged texture can remain after noise is removed. At 0% Mix, the dry sound is used instead of cassette processing.
Presets and Settings
Preset Variation
Open Variation with the icon near the preset at the top. It creates a new preset by changing only selected settings in the current sound. Choose the areas and amount of variation, then review the changes before saving.
Prepare the starting sound and open Variation. The current state is recorded as the original when the window opens. Press Capture original to use a different state as the starting point.
Select the areas that may change.
Set Variation amount and Seed.
Press Generate preview to create a list of proposed changes. This does not yet change the current sound.
Enter a new name and save with Create variation.
Available areas are Oscillator, Filter, Envelope, LFO, and FX parameters. Unselected areas are protected.
FX order/routing, modulation routes, unison/voice counts, Master/Output, and preset identification information are not changed.
Seed is the number that selects a proposed variation. The same original, settings, and Seed produce the same changes. Pressing Generate preview repeatedly recalculates from the recorded original rather than accumulating changes on top of previous ones.
Variation saves as a new preset and does not overwrite the original file. Even with protected items, volume and timbre may change, so check the saved result.
After changing Variation amount, Seed, or selected areas, press Generate preview again to refresh the list. Create variation saves and applies the new preset. If you only generate the list and close with Cancel, the proposed changes are not applied.
Presets and Settings
MENU and MIDI Learn
MENU
Undo: Undoes the last edit.
Redo: Reapplies an undone edit.
Init Preset: Returns to the initial preset state. Save any edits you want to keep first.
MPE Enable: Turns per-note expression on or off. Enabled by default; changing presets or using Init Preset does not change it. Reopening a DAW project restores its saved state.
Reset Window Size: Returns the window to its default size.
Window Size and Undo/Redo
Drag the plug-in window's lower-right corner to resize it while preserving its aspect ratio. Select MENU → Reset Window Size to restore the default size.
With the plug-in window selected, use Command/Ctrl+Z / Command/Ctrl+Shift+Z for Undo/Redo. While entering a name or number, or with a separate editor selected, that area's undo behavior may take priority.
MIDI Learn
Right-click a supported control, select MIDI Learn, then move a knob or slider on your controller. Its MIDI CC is assigned to the control.
Use Clear MIDI Learn to remove the assignment. MIDI Learn directly controls a setting from an external controller; MATRIX connects an internal synth Source to a Target.
If DAW automation and MIDI Learn control the same knob simultaneously, values may move unexpectedly. Check which is sending values.
Checking MIDI Learn Assignments
While waiting to learn, the menu shows MIDI Learn: move a controller; after assignment, it shows MIDI Learn (CC number). Enable Learn on the desired control, then move only the controller you want to assign. Clear MIDI Learn removes both existing assignments and a pending Learn state.
Newly learned assignments distinguish both MIDI channel and CC number. Even with the same CC, changing the controller's transmitting channel may stop it responding, so check the channel too. Save the preset or DAW project to preserve the settings.
Modulatable knobs can use MIDI Learn and internal modulation at the same time. MIDI Learn moves the base setting, while modulation adds route changes to that base value; check both the arc and the actual range.
CERNION FX has no MPE Enable item.
CERNION FX
CERNION FX
CERNION FX applies CERNION's effects to guitar, piano, vocals, drums, or any other audio in your DAW. Unlike the synth, which generates new notes, it processes sound received from a track. Effect operation and serial/parallel routing are the same as in the preceding FX chapters.
Item
Use in CERNION FX
FX browser
Displayed in two columns. The CERNION synth's FX browser uses one column.
FX rack
Like the synth, supports up to 8 effects each on parallel A/B, for 16 total. Adding new effects in Serial is limited to 8; effects placed in Parallel remain when switched to Serial.
MACRO 1-8
Controls multiple supported Targets together, including FX settings.
XY PAD
Connect X and Y separately.
LFO 1-4
Moves knobs with the configured curve/rate, independently of incoming audio level.
MATRIX
Connects Sources and Targets supported by the FX version.
Output · Width · Bass Mono
Adjusts final output and stereo characteristics.
Audio Follower
Reads DAW input level before FX processing.
MULTIMODE FILTER
Has no Key Track control.
CERNION FX does not generate new notes using the synth's OSC, SUB, NOISE, or amplitude envelope. Without input audio, normal audio-effect processing produces no sound either.
FX LFOs apply one shared progression to all incoming audio. There is no synth-style Mono/Poly selection for independent per-note movement, or F1 LR Phase.
To use MICRO GRAIN's MIDI Trigger or note-based Sources, the DAW must send MIDI to CERNION FX. This differs from audio-only processing.
FX Preset Browser
The browser opened from the top preset name has a compact layout without a tag area. Find presets using All presets, Factory, My presets, Favorites and name search. Use the star icon to mark favorites and + to save user presets. The synth's SOUND TYPE/CHARACTER tag UI is not present.
Includes 28 FX-specific Factory presets. Their prefixes suggest starting points: AG for acoustic guitar, EG for electric guitar, KEY for piano/keyboards, EP for electric piano, EB for electric bass, VOX for vocals, DR for drums, STR for strings, and BR for brass. You can use them on other instruments too. Results vary with input level and playing style, so adjust Mix/OUT first.
The synth and FX do not share presets. Their user paths are:
Even presets with the same name are separate files for different products. Do not put an FX file in the synth folder as a substitute. Unsaved edits in FX are not automatically written to the original file either.
Input Signal and Tails
The audio level entering each effect changes its Drive, compression, and detection response. Mix is the balance between dry and processed sound; OUT is the level sent from that effect to the next stage. After input stops, sound already inside a delay or reverb may remain as a tail.
Modulation Sources Available in FX
Source
Conditions in CERNION FX
LFO 1-4 · Macro 1-8 · XY Pad X/Y
Connect to FX settings and supported Targets.
Note Random · Note Alternate · Note Counter
Update only when MIDI Note On is received from the DAW.
Key Map · Velocity Map
Transforms received MIDI notes/Velocity through the edited maps. Does not automatically analyze audio pitch.
Audio Follower
Reads DAW audio input level without MIDI. Requires Enabled and a route.
The synth's ENV 1-4, conventional Velocity, Key Track, Mod Wheel, Aftertouch, and MPE Y/Z are not in the FX Source list. MIDI Learn, which directly controls supported knobs with external MIDI CC, is separate from this Source list.
Reference
Quick Operation Reference
Target
macOS / Windows Action
Change a standard knob value
Drag up/down
Fine-adjust a standard knob
Hold Command/Ctrl while dragging
Enter a knob value directly
Shift-click and confirm the value
Restore a standard knob's default
Double-click
Modulation depth
Drag a route badge up/down; hold Command/Ctrl for fine adjustment
Connect modulation
Drag an LFO/ENV tab or source badge onto a target knob
Related menu
Right-click
Overall editing Undo / Redo
Command/Ctrl+Z / Command/Ctrl+Shift+Z
Center XY
Double-click the pad
Add a Custom LFO point
Double-click empty space
Temporarily disable Custom LFO Grid
Hold Shift while dragging a point
CLASSIC ARP step length
Hold Shift and drag horizontally on a bar
Close a popup
Close button, Esc, or click outside; depends on window type and editing stage
While entering a name or number, or with a graph editor selected, that area's keyboard actions take priority. Shift is not the fine-adjustment key for standard knobs. Custom LFO Grid release and CLASSIC ARP step length are gestures specific to those graphs.
Reference
Basic Glossary
Term
Plain-English Meaning
Oscillator
A generator that creates sound by repeating a waveform.
Wavetable / Frame
A collection of single-cycle waveforms / one waveform within it.
Harmonics
Overtones stacked above the fundamental. Their content and levels determine whether a sound is soft, bright, or rough.
Phase
The position within a waveform or repeating curve. Used to set a starting position or the offset between two curves.
Feedback
The amount of processed sound sent back toward the input. Affects delay repeats, resonance strength, and similar behavior.
Slot / Routing
One effect position in the rack / the paths and connections through which sound passes.
Unison
Layering multiple oscillator voices within one note.
Detune / Drift
Pitch differences between layered voices / small pitch changes over time.
Envelope
A modulation curve that progresses as notes are pressed and released.
LFO
A tool that repeatedly moves knobs along a curve. In One Shot, it runs only once.
Cutoff / Resonance
The reference frequency around which a filter reduces or emphasizes sound / the amount of emphasis or ringing around it.
Source / Target / Depth
What sends a control value / what is moved / the direction and amount of change.
Remap / VIA
Changes how a knob responds to source values / uses another source to control that route's modulation amount.
Velocity / Pressure
The strength of the initial key strike / pressure applied afterward.
Free / Sync
Independent time or speed / time or speed synchronized to DAW tempo.
Serial / Parallel
One result flows into the next / input is split into paths, processed, then combined.
Gain / Mix
Signal level / the blend of dry and processed sound. They are not the same function.
Bypass / Delete
Skips processing while retaining settings / removes the slot or route itself.
MIDI Learn / Automation
Assigns an external MIDI control / records setting changes over time in the DAW.
Reference
Credits
CERNION
Development
Hanbit Kim, DongHyeon Kim
Production Contributors
Hwarang Kim, Heejae Yoon
Preset Artists
DongHyeon Kim (GILLA), Hwarang Kim (TAJO HWARANG), Heejae Yoon (heejae), Seungbin Choi (SLGGR)
More preset artists will be added in future updates.
Design
DongHyeon Kim
CERNION FX
Development
Hanbit Kim, DongHyeon Kim
Production Contributors
Hwarang Kim, MyeongHoon Jung
Design
DongHyeon Kim, MyeongHoon Jung
Reference
System Requirements
Item
Supported Environment
macOS
macOS 11 Big Sur or later. Universal for Apple Silicon and Intel.
macOS plug-in formats
AU and VST3. Requires a 64-bit DAW supporting the corresponding format.
Windows
Windows 10 or later, 64-bit.
Windows plug-in format
VST3. Requires a 64-bit DAW supporting this format.
Memory (RAM)
4 GB minimum; 8 GB recommended.
Your chosen DAW must support the operating system and plug-in format. You can play CERNION with conventional MIDI notes without using MPE. CERNION FX processes external audio, so the DAW must send audio to it.
Even on the same computer, layering more notes, using unison, or adding multiple effects increases CPU usage. The number of usable tracks depends on CPU, DAW buffer, sample rate, and sound configuration, not memory capacity alone.